【弯道超车】Unit 1 Asia 核心语法之一般过去时的被动语态-2026年春牛津译林版九年级英语下册精讲精练 (含答案解析)

/ 让学习更有效 新课备课备考 | 英语学科 2026年春牛津译林版九年级英语下册核心语法精讲精练 Unit 1 Asia 核心语法：一般过去时的被动语态 一、核心概念 1. 什么是被动语态？ 主动语态：主语是动作的执行者 例：We planted trees yesterday.（我们昨天种树。） 被动语态：主语是动作的承受者 例：Trees were planted by us yesterday.（树昨天被我们种了。） 2. 一般过去时的被动语态 表示过去发生的动作，且主语是动作的承受者。 二、结构公式 1、基本结构： was/were + 过去分词 (p.p.) 2、具体构成： 主语人称 助动词 过去分词 例句 单数 was p.p. The book was written in 2020. 复数 were p.p. These houses were built last year. 3、否定形式： was/were + not + 过去分词 例：The window was not broken by Tom. 4、疑问形式： Was/Were + 主语 + 过去分词 + 例：Was the letter sent yesterday 三、使用情景 1. 强调动作的承受者 The Great Wall was built over 2,000 years ago.（强调长城） 2. 不知道或不需要指出动作执行者 My bike was stolen last night.（不知道谁偷的） English is spoken all over the world.（不需要指出谁说） 3. 动作执行者很明显或不重要 The thief was caught by the police.（警察抓小偷是本职工作） 4. 出于礼貌或委婉 Some mistakes were made in your homework.（委婉指出错误） 四、句法转换 主动变被动三步法： 1、找：找出主动句的宾语 → 变为被动句的主语 2、变：谓语动词变为 was/were + p.p. 形式 3、加：主动句的主语变为 by + 宾语（可省略） 转换示例： 主动：Bell invented the telephone in 1876. 被动：The telephone was invented by Bell in 1876. 五、特殊句型处理 1. 含情态动词的被动语态 情态动词 + be + 过去分词 例：The work must be finished today.（主动：We must finish the work today.） 2. 双宾语动词的被动语态 主动：My father gave me a gift. 被动1：I was given a gift by my father.（人作主语） 被动2：A gift was given to me by my father.（物作主语） 3. 短语动词的被动语态 注意保持短语完整性 主动：They took care of the children. 被动：The children were taken care of. 六、常见错误提醒 1、忘记be动词：The movie watched by us.（×） 正确：The movie was watched by us.（√） 2、用错时态：The house is built last year.（×） 正确：The house was built last year.（√） 3、by短语位置错误：Was written the book by him （×） 正确：Was the book written by him （√） 1．—You look so happy today! —They told me my suggestion ____ by the headteacher. A．accepts B．accepted C．is accepted D．was accepted 2．—Are we going to visit the flower show tomorrow — No. The monitor said it _____ till the next week. A．was put off B．has been put off C．would put off D．was putting off 3．The 2016 Olympic Games _____ in Rio and were a great success. A．were held B．are held C．held 4． Over $30,000____for a children's hospital by a British girl several months ago. A．is raised B．was raised C．will be raised D．has been raised 5．Many houses _____ in the earthquake of April 20, 2013 in Ya'an. A．is destroyed B．are destroyed C．was destroyed D．were destroyed 6．He _____ not to throw away the food, but he still did it. A．asked B．asks C．was asked 7．The first 5G mobile phone _____ by a Chinese company last year. A．is produced B．produces ... ...