【弯道超车】Unit 5 China and the World 核心语法之现在完成时的被动语态-2026年春仁爱科普版九年级英语下册精讲精练 (含答案解析)

/ 让学习更有效 新课备课备考 | 英语学科 2026年春仁爱科普版九年级英语下册核心语法精讲精练 Unit 5 China and the World 核心语法：现在完成时的被动语态 一、核心概念 1. 什么是现在完成时的被动语态？ 现在完成时：表示动作发生在过去，但与现在有联系 被动语态：主语是动作的承受者 现在完成时的被动语态：表示已经完成的被动动作，且该动作对现在有影响或结果 2. 时间轴图示： 二、结构公式 基本结构： have/has + been + 过去分词 (p.p.) 具体构成： 主语人称 结构 例句 I/We/You/They have been + p.p. The books have been returned to the library. He/She/It has been + p.p. The problem has been solved. 否定形式： have/has + not + been + 过去分词 缩写：haven't been, hasn't been 例：The work has not been finished yet. 疑问形式： Have/Has + 主语 + been + 过去分词 + 肯定回答：Yes, 主语 + have/has. 否定回答：No, 主语 + haven't/hasn't. 例：Has the report been written 特殊疑问句： 疑问词 + have/has + 主语 + been + 过去分词 + 例：How many trees have been planted 三、使用情景 1. 动作已完成，强调现在的结果或影响 The window has been broken.（窗户被打破了 → 现在还是破的） All the tickets have been sold out.（票已售完 → 现在买不到了） 2. 动作发生在过去，持续到现在（常与for, since连用） This house has been lived in for 50 years.（这房子已经被住了50年） The machine has been used since 2010.（这台机器从2010年就开始使用） 3. 动作发生在不确定的过去 My car has been repaired.（我的车修好了 → 不知何时修的） The letter has been sent.（信已寄出 → 不知何时寄的） 4. 表示经历或状态（常与ever, never, already, yet连用） The Great Wall has been visited by millions of people. This problem has never been discussed before. The homework has already been finished. 四、时间状语特征 常用时间状语： 时间状语类型 示例 例句 already, yet, just already（已经），yet（还），just（刚刚） The room has just been cleaned. ever, never ever（曾经），never（从不） Has this film ever been shown here for + 时间段 for two weeks/years The museum has been closed for two weeks. since + 时间点 since 2018, since last Monday This bridge has been used since 1998. recently, lately recently（最近），lately（近来） Many trees have been planted recently. so far, up to now so far（到目前为止） So far, no decision has been made. 特别注意： for接时间段，since接时间点 already用于肯定句，yet用于否定句和疑问句 五、句法转换 主动变被动三步法： 找宾语：主动句的宾语 → 被动句的主语 变谓语：have/has + p.p. → have/has been + p.p. 加by短语：动作执行者前加by（可省略） 转换对比表： 主动语态 被动语态 We have finished the work. The work has been finished. They have built a new school. A new school has been built. Have you cleaned the room Has the room been cleaned Someone has told him the news. He has been told the news. 六、特殊句型处理 1. 双宾语动词的被动语态 主动：Someone has given me a gift. 被动1：I have been given a gift. 被动2：A gift has been given to me. 常见双宾动词： give, show, send, bring, lend, tell, teach, buy, make等 2. 短语动词的被动语态 必须保持短语动词的完整性 主动语态 被动语态 They have turned off the lights. The lights have been turned ... ...