【弯道超车】Unit 5 China and the World 核心语法之一般现在时被动语态-2026年春仁爱科普版九年级英语下册精讲精练 (含答案解析)

/ 让学习更有效 新课备课备考 | 英语学科 2026年春仁爱科普版九年级英语下册核心语法精讲精练 Unit 5 China and the World 核心语法：一般现在时被动语态 一、核心概念 1. 什么是被动语态？ 主动语态：主语执行动作 被动语态：主语承受动作 一般现在时被动语态：表示经常性、习惯性的被动动作 2. 基本转换公式： 主动：S（主语） + V（谓语） + O（宾语） 被动：S（原宾语） + am/is/are + p.p.（过去分词） + (by + 原主语) 二、结构公式 基本结构： am/is/are + 过去分词 (p.p.) 具体构成： 主语 be动词 结构 例句 I am am + p.p. I am taught by Mr. Li. He/She/It is is + p.p. English is spoken here. We/You/They are are + p.p. These books are read by many students. 否定形式： am/is/are + not + 过去分词 缩写：isn't, aren't 例：Rice is not grown in the north. 疑问形式： Am/Is/Are + 主语 + 过去分词 + 例：Is English taught in your school 特殊疑问句： 疑问词 + am/is/are + 主语 + 过去分词 + 例：Where is rice grown 三、使用情景 1. 描述客观事实或普遍真理 The sun is risen in the east.（太阳从东方升起。） Water is changed into ice at 0℃.（水在0度时变成冰。） 2. 表示经常性、习惯性的动作 Letters are collected at 4 p.m. every day.（信件每天下午4点收取。） This room is cleaned twice a week.（这个房间每周打扫两次。） 3. 说明物品的用途或功能 Knives are used for cutting.（刀用来切割。） This machine is used to make paper.（这台机器用来造纸。） 4. 科技说明、新闻报道、规章制度 Smoking is not allowed here.（此处禁止吸烟。） English is spoken as a second language in many countries. 5. 不知道或不需指出动作执行者 My bike is repaired in that shop.（不知道谁修理） Tea is grown in the south.（不需要指出谁种植） 四、时间状语特征 常用时间状语： 类型 示例 例句 频率副词 always, often, usually, sometimes, seldom, never English is often used in international meetings. every短语 every day/week/month/year The floor is cleaned every day. 时间短语 in the morning/afternoon/evening, at night Breakfast is served at 7 a.m. 一般现在时标志 usually, always, sometimes The windows are usually closed at night. 特别注意： 一般现在时被动语态常与频率副词连用 强调动作的经常性和习惯性 五、主动语态变被动语态 三步转换法： 找宾语：主动句宾语 → 被动句主语 变谓语：动词原形/第三人称单数 → am/is/are + p.p. 加by短语：原主语前加by（可省略） 转换对比表： 主动语态 被动语态 说明 People speak English. English is spoken (by people). 一般现在时 My mother cleans the room. The room is cleaned by my mother. 第三人称单数 They grow rice in the south. Rice is grown in the south. 省略by短语 Do you use this computer Is this computer used by you 疑问句转换 六、特殊句型处理 1. 双宾语动词的被动语态 主动：The teacher gives us homework. 被动1：We are given homework by the teacher.（人作主语） 被动2：Homework is given to us by the teacher.（物作主语） 常见双宾动词： give, show, send, bring, lend, tell, teach, buy, make等 2. 短语动词的被动语态 必须保持短语动词的完整性 主动语态 被动语态 They look after the children. The children are looked after. People laugh at him. He is laughed at. We should turn off the lights. The lights should be turned off. 常见短语动词： loo ... ...