
Unit 4 Helping out 单词讲解表 (外研版八下) 单词 / 音标 / 词义 核心搭配 重点考点 经典例句 (源自课本) excuse / k skju z/ v. 原谅 Excuse me 劳驾;打扰一下 excuse sb for doing 原谅某人做某事 1. 名词形式 excuse / k skju s/ (借口); 2. 常用口语 Excuse me 用于引起注意或表示歉意。 "Excuse me, may I have a purple crayon, please " “打扰一下,请问我可以要一支紫色的蜡笔吗?” excuse me / k skju z mi / 劳驾 (用于礼貌地引起他人注意,尤其是发问时) (见上) 1. 区别:Sorry (做错事后道歉) vs Excuse me (打扰前使用)。 "Excuse me, may I have a purple crayon, please " “打扰一下,请问我可以要一支紫色的蜡笔吗?” purple / p pl/ adj. 紫色的 purple flower 紫色的花 in purple 穿着紫色的衣服 1. 既可作形容词,也可作名词“紫色”。 May I have a purple crayon, please 请问我可以要一支紫色的蜡笔吗? crayon / kre n/ n. 彩色蜡笔 draw with a crayon 用蜡笔画画 a box of crayons 一盒蜡笔 1. 课文中指医院提供给儿童画画的工具。 Well, crayons may carry viruses and spread diseases. 嗯,蜡笔可能会携带病毒并传播疾病。 five-year-old / fa v j r ld/ adj. 五岁的 a five-year-old girl 一个五岁的女孩 1. 复合形容词,中间有连字符,year 用单数; 2. 作定语修饰名词; 3. 区别:She is five years old. (作表语,无连字符,复数)。 Five-year-old Leah asked a nurse. 五岁的利亚问一位护士。 sunshine / s n a n/ n. 阳光 Sunshine Hospital 阳光医院 (专有名词) bright sunshine 明媚的阳光 1. 不可数名词; 2. 课文中指医院的名字。 This conversation happened in a waiting room at Sunshine Hospital. 这段对话发生在阳光医院的候诊室里。 virus / va r s/ n. 病毒 carry viruses 携带病毒 spread viruses 传播病毒 1. 复数形式:viruses (加-es)。 Well, crayons may carry viruses and spread diseases. 嗯,蜡笔可能会携带病毒并传播疾病。 afford / f d/ v. 买得起,付得起 can/could afford sth 买得起某物 can afford to do sth 负担得起做某事 1. 常与情态动词 can, could, be able to 连用; 2. 否定形式:can't afford. It just couldn't afford new crayons for every child. 它(医院)根本无法为每个孩子都提供新蜡笔。 disappointment / d s p ntm nt/ n. 失望,沮丧;扫兴,沮丧 to one's disappointment 令某人失望的是 hide one's disappointment 掩饰失望 1. 动词:disappoint (使失望); 2. 形容词:disappointed (感到失望的) / disappointing (令人失望的)。 Leah didn't want other young patients to feel her disappointment. 利亚不想让其他年轻的病人感受到她的失望。 X-ray / eks re / n. X光检查 take an X-ray 做X光检查 wait for X-rays 等待拍片 1. 复数:X-rays; 2. 注意冠词:an X-ray (因为 X 发音以元音 /e/ 开头)。 It can be boring to wait for X-rays and treatments. 等待X光检查和治疗可能会很无聊。 treatment / tri tm nt/ n. 治疗,疗法;对待 medical treatment 医疗 get treatment 接受治疗 1. 动词:treat (治疗;对待); 2. 后缀 -ment 构成名词。 It can be boring to wait for X-rays and treatments. 等待X光检查和治疗可能会很无聊。 pocket / p k t/ n. 衣袋,口袋 pocket money 零花钱 pick one's pocket 扒窃 1. 常用搭配:in one's pocket。 (See 'pocket money' below) pocket money / p k t m ni/ 零花钱 save pocket money 攒零花钱 1. 不可数名词 (money)。 Her pocket money was only enough for about 40 boxes ... ...
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