(
课件网) 宾语从句 引导词 引导词的作用 例句 that that在宾语从句中不充当任何成分，只起连接作用，可以省略 I believe (that) April is the hottest month in Thailand. whether/if if或whether意为“是否”，宾语从句中不作句子成分，但不能省略 I don’t know whether he will come home for the festival or not. 一、宾语从句的引导词 引导词 引导词的作用 例句 连接代词 what / which / who / whose / whom等 在宾语从句中担任一定的成分，如主语、宾语、定语等 I want to know what they are going to do. He asked who had seen the tall boy in the hall. We can’t decide whose lesson is better. 连接副词 when （表时间）/ where（表地点）/ why（表原因）/ how（表方式）等 在宾语从句中作相应的状语，不能省略 I wonder how I should deal with my problem. Please tell me why you lost the game. 1. 连接词that that在从句中无词义，不充当句子成分，在口语中常可省略。 但在以下情况中that不能省略。 (1) 当宾语从句的主语是that时。如： He says that that is a useful book. (2) 当宾语从句中含有主从复合句时。如: I’m afraid that if you’ve lost it, you must pay for it. (3) 当两个或多个宾语从句由并列连词连接时，除第一个从句中的 that可省略外, 其余从句中的that都不可省略。如： He said (that) the film was very interesting and that he enjoyed seeing it very much. 2. 连接词if / whether (1)一般情况下两者可以互换，不同的是whether后可接or not，而if一般不与or not直接连用。如: I don’t know if / whether you can help me. I don’t know whether or not they will come. (不说: I don’t know if or not they will come.) (2)用if引导宾语从句如果会引起歧义，应避免使用if而用 whether。试比较： Please let me know if you want to go. 如果你想去，请告诉我。/ 请告诉我你是否想去。（有歧义） Please let me know whether you want to go. 请告诉我你是否想去。 3. 连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which, whatever 它们在宾语从句中有词义，并且充当从句中的主语、宾语、 定语等。如： Only you can decide who is the best player. (主语) I wonder what he’s writing to me. (宾语) He can’t decide which sweater he should buy. (定语) I will do whatever you wish. (宾语) 4. 连接副词 where, when, how, why等 它们在句中有词义，并且充当宾语从句中的状语，不能省略。如： I’ll tell you why I asked you to come. (原因状语) Could you tell me where Tom has gone (地点状语) I want to know when you can finish the work. (时间状语) Write me how you got home. (方式状语) 宾语从句的时态在一定程度上受到主句时态的制约。 1. 主句是一般现在时，从句根据实际情况可用各种时态。如: I remember he gave me a book yesterday. Do you know who he was talking with at eight last Sunday I know she was against us. Who can make it sure that he’ll keep his word I guess they have already passed the exam. 二、宾语从句的时态 2. 如果主句是过去的某种时态，那么宾语从句一般要用过去的某种时态。如： He told me that he would take part in the high jump. We thought that the man had been married. I believed the girl was taking a bath at nine. 3. 如果宾语从句表示的是客观事实、真理或自然现象，其时态不受主句时态影响，从句用一般现在时。如： He said that the earth is ... ...
