【弯道超车】Unit 8 A green world 核心语法之含有情态动词的被动语态-2026年春译林版（2024）八年级英语下册精讲精练 (含答案解析)

/ 让学习更有效 新课备课备考 | 英语学科 2026年春译林版（2024）八年级英语下册核心语法精讲精练 Unit 8 A green world 核心语法：含有情态动词的被动语态 一、核心概念 1. 什么是“情态动词 + 被动语态”？ 将情态动词（can, must, should, may等）与被动语态结合使用，表达“能够被……”、“必须被……”、“应该被……”等含义。 核心结构： 情态动词 + be + 过去分词 (p.p.) 二、结构公式 1. 基本结构：情态动词 + be + 过去分词 情态动词 结构 例句 can can be done The problem can be solved easily. must must be done The work must be finished today. should should be done Trees should be planted in spring. may may be done The meeting may be put off. need need be done The room need be cleaned. have to have to be done The car has to be repaired. 2. 各种句式变化 句型 结构 例句 肯定句 主语 + 情态动词 + be + 过去分词 These bottles can be recycled. 否定句 主语 + 情态动词 + not + be + 过去分词 This cannot be done in five minutes. 一般疑问句 情态动词 + 主语 + be + 过去分词？ Can the work be finished today 特殊疑问句 疑问词 + 情态动词 + 主语 + be + 过去分词？ When should the task be completed 3. 注意：need 的两种用法 need 作情态动词：主要用于否定句和疑问句，后接动词原形 The work need not be done today. need 作实义动词：肯定句中常用 need to be done The room needs to be cleaned. 三、主动语态变被动语态 转换三步法 找宾语：主动句的宾语 → 被动句的主语 变谓语：主动句的谓语（情态动词 + do）→ 情态动词 + be + 过去分词 加by短语：原主语前加by（可省略） 转换示例 步骤 示例 主动句 We must protect the environment. ① 宾语变主语 The environment... ② 谓语变被动 ... must be protected ... ③ 加by短语 ... by us. 被动句 The environment must be protected by us. 常见转换对比表 主动语态 被动语态 We can repair this watch. This watch can be repaired. You must finish the work. The work must be finished. We have to clean the classroom. The classroom has to be cleaned. Can they solve the problem Can the problem be solved 四、不同情态动词的语义区别 情态动词 含义 用法侧重 例句 must 必须 主观必要、义务 The rules must be followed. have to 不得不 客观必要 The car has to be repaired. should 应该 建议、义务 Litter should be put in the bin. can 能够 能力、可能性 Glass can be recycled. may 可以 许可、可能性 The meeting may be put off. need 需要 必要性 The work need not be done. 五、特殊句型处理 1. 短语动词的被动语态 短语动词在被动语态中应视为一个整体，介词或副词不能省略。 主动句 被动句 They should take care of the old. The old should be taken care of. We must hand in our homework. Our homework must be handed in. You can't laugh at the poor. The poor can't be laughed at. 2. 双宾语动词的被动语态 当主动句有两个宾语时，有两种被动形式： 主动句 被动句1（人作主语） 被动句2（物作主语） We should give him a chance. He should be given a chance. A chance should be given to him. They will send us new books. We will be sent new books. New books will be sent to us. 3. 使役动词和感官动词的被动语态 主动语态中省略的to，在被动语态中要还原： 主动句 被动句 The teacher made him retell the story. He was made to retell the story. We saw them pl ... ...