(
课件网) 专题八 非谓语动词 21世纪教育网（www.21cnjy.com)中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台 一、动词不定式 动词不定式可作主语、表语、宾语、定语、状语和宾语补足语, 我们主要掌握不定式作宾语、宾语补足语及目的状语的用法。 功能 例 句 说 明 主语 To swim here is dangerous. 在这儿游泳是危险的。 动词不定式作主语时常可转化为用it作形式主语, 常用句式的结构是: It’s +形容词+(for/of sb. )+to do sth. 表语 My job is to look after my sister. 我的工作是照看我妹妹。 多数情况下, 动词不定式作表语, 可转换为作主语 功能 例 句 说 明 宾语 I want to be an actor. 我想成为一名 演员。 只能作某些动词的宾语(如want, hope, fail, expect, decide等), 一般不作介词的宾语 宾语 补足 语 She asked me to speak English. 她要求我说英语。 在一些感官动词和使役动词后, 不定式省略to, 如feel, hear, listen to, see, watch, notice, let, make, have(简记为: 一感二听三看三让) 功能 例 句 说 明 定语 Do you have anything to say 你有要说的吗 不定式作定语, 要放在所修饰词的后面 状语 I come here to see you. 我来这里是为了见你。 不定式作状语, 其逻辑主语要和句子的主语一致 此外, 不定式可以与疑问词连用, 用作主语、宾语、表语等。 When to start hasn’t been discussed. 什么时候开始还没有被讨论。(作主语) 【巧学妙记】只能跟不定式作宾语的动词 决心学会有希望(decide, determine, learn, wish, hope), 同意计划莫假装(agree, plan, pretend), 胆敢拒绝会失败(dare, refuse, fail), 准备设法来帮忙(prepare, try, manage, help), 提供请求负担起(offer, beg, demand, afford), 答应安排理应当(promise, arrange, be supposed), 以上后跟不定式, 劝君牢记永不忘。 【活学巧练】 1. I wanted to see the Beijing Opera, so Lingling offered _____ (take)me to watch an opera. 2. When you leave, please turn off the lights _____ (save)energy. 3. The joke was so funny that it made him _____ (laugh)again and again. 4. I still like those good old songs I often listened to _____ (enjoy)myself in my spare time. 5. Tony, remember _____ (not, talk)with your mouth full of food. 答案: 1. to take 2. to save 3. laugh 4. to enjoy 5. not to talk 二、动名词的语法功能 功能 例 句 说 明 主语 Eating too much is bad for your health. 吃太多对你的健康有害处。 谓语动词用单数 功能 例 句 说 明 宾语 I like playing basketball very much. 我非常喜欢打篮球。 表示习惯性的动作 Stamps are used for sending letters. 邮票是用来寄信的。 功能 例 句 说 明 表语 His hobby is collecting stamps. 他的爱好是集邮。 多数情况下可转换为动名词作主语 定语 Bill is in the reading room. 比尔在阅览室里。 只表明它所修饰的词的用途、所属关系等 【巧学妙记】 喜欢(enjoy)不断(keep)提建议(suggest) 盼望(look forward to)习惯(be used to)却完毕(finish) 想要(feel like)花费(spend)去练习(practice) 忍俊不禁(can’t help)还介意(mind) 后接动词-ing 【活学巧练】 1. Sarah, you’d better drink more water after _____ (run)for such a long time. 2. —Jane’s spoken English is pretty good. —Yeah, she works hard and practices _____ (speak)it both in and out of class. 3. —Do you think it will stop _____ (rain)by noon —Well, it is really hard to say. 4. A group of middle sc ... ...
