Unit 2 I’ll help to clean up the city parks SectionA (Grammar Focus-4c)课件+练习2份含答案

课件43张PPT。第三课时：Section A (Grammar Focus-4c)Unit 2 I’ll help to clean up the city parks.What are they doing?Grammar FocusGrammar Focus （一）动词不定式语法讲解动词不定式的形式及性质考点 1(1)动词不定式的基本形式：to do（to有时可省略）； (2)动词不定式变否定：not （to） do； (3)动词不定式无人称变化； (4)动词不定式仍保留动词特点，可以有自己的宾语 和状语。 eg：to speak at the meeting 在会议上发言 to read newspapers 看报纸动词不定式的句法作用考点 2考向一不定式作宾语 to do不定式可表“将来”或“来做”的含义。 eg：would like to do sth.想要做某事（来做） plan to do sth.计划做某事（计划将来） 常见的后接不定式作宾语的动词有： need，like，want，wish，hope，decide，expect等。典例Kate，remember 　　　　 to the sick to cheer them up. A. to sing　 B. not to sing　 C. singingA【点拨】remember to do sth.记得去做某事。to do 作remember的宾语。考向二不定式作宾补 有的动词后加不定式作宾补，构成“v.＋sb./sth. to do”结构，此类动词中常见的有： ask， tell， would like， want， expect（期待）， wish， allow（允许）， encourage（鼓励）等。典例Mr Smith told his son 　　　　 the football match because of the exam. A. not to watch　　　B. to not watch C. not watching D. doesn't watchA【点拨】tell sb.not to do sth. 告诉某人不要做某事。考向三不定式作状语 不定式作状语表目的、结果，或用在某些表示人的心情类的形容词后表原因。典例Many fast food restaurants paint（涂） their walls red，play loud music and have hard seats 　　　　 customers（顾客） eat quickly and leave. A. make B. to make C. made D. making【点拨】句意：许多快餐店把它们的墙刷成红色，播放吵闹的音乐，并放置坚硬的座位，为的是使顾客快点吃完离开。不定式在句中作目的状语。B动词不定式可以和what, which, how, where, when等特殊疑问词连用。 eg：The question is I don't know when to start. 问题是我不知道什么时候开始。考点 3典例I really don't know what I can do to help her out.（改为简单句） I really don't know what 　　　　 　　　　 to help her out.【点拨】考查特殊疑问词与不定式连用。用转换法。当主句的主语与从句的主语一致时，“what＋主语＋can/should/ could＋动词”可以替换为“what to＋动词”。to do不带to的不定式：两类动词后作宾补的不定式不带to： ①感官动词：see，hear，watch，feel，notice等 ②使役动词：let，make，have等 eg：I heard them argue this morning.今天早上我听 到他们吵架了。（强调整个过程） They made the children play the piano 6 hours a day last month.上个月他们让这些孩子每天弹6个小时钢琴。考点 4①help带不带to均可以。②此类动词后用不带to的不定式作宾补，当变被动时，必须还原to。 eg：William is often seen to play Chinese kung fu in the park.人们常看到威廉在公园练中国功夫。【注意】典例Though he often made his little sister _____ , today he was made 　　　　 by his little sister. A. cry；to cry　　　　B. crying；crying C. cry；cry D.to cry；cry【点拨】make sb.do sth.变为被动语态时，被省略的to要恢复，即sb.be made to do sth.。　Acould表建议时，意为“可以，不妨”，用于委婉、客气地建议做某事，语气比should委婉。 eg：We could write a letter to the headmaster. 我们不妨写一封信给校长。 You could try his home number. 你可以试试他家 ... ...