Unit1 Friendship Period4 Grammar 教案

教学目标 1. Learn what direct speech and indirect speech are. 2. Get Ss to learn the transition between direct speech and indirect speech. 3. Summarize the rules of transition between direct speech and indirect speech. 重点 Summarize the rules of transition between direct speech and indirect speech. 难点 The transition between direct speech and indirect speech 教具 Multimedia 教学过程 课题导入 Step One: Leading-in Anne’s story. Anne said:“After hiding here for a long time, I’ve become crazy about nature.” --She said that after hiding there for a long time, she had become crazy about nature. 教 学 环 节 Step Two: Grammar 引述别人的话语一般采用两种方式: 一是原封不动地引用原话, 把它放在引号内, 这叫直接引语(Direct speech); 一是用自己的话加以转述, 这叫间接引语(Indirect speech)。 Anne said: “My name is Anne Frank and my family is Jewish.” (Direct speech) She said that she and her family were hiding in Amsterdam. (Indirect speech) 直接引语类别 类别一:直接引语为陈述句 Ⅰ.人称变化规律 She said,“ I like tennis.” She said that she liked tennis 结论1：当直接引语的主语为第一人称时，变间接引语后与主句主语的人称保持一致。 He said to Lily, “ you must get up early.” He told Lily that she must get up early. 结论2：当直接引语的主语为第二人称时，变间接引语后与主句宾语的人称保持一致。 She said to me , “ They want to help him.” She told me that they wanted to help him. 结论3：当直接引语的主语为第三人称时，变间接引语后人称不变。 Ⅱ.时态的变化规律 He says, ‘‘ I will do it tomorrow.” He says that he will do it tomorrow. 结论1：如果主句的谓语动词是现在时，直接引语变成间接引语时，从句的时态无需变化。 He said, “I am a teacher.” He said he was a teacher. 结论2：如果主句的谓语动词是一般过去时，直接引语变成间接引语时，从句要用与过去相关的时态。 The teacher said, "The earth goes round the sun." The teacher said（that）the earth goes round the sun. 结论3: 直接引语若表示的是客观事实或真理时,变间接引语时时态不变。 Summary: 直接引语为陈述句， 变成间接引语的“顺口溜”是： 去掉引号加that， 人称时态要灵活。 类别二:直接引语为特殊疑问句 1.引导词为疑问词。 2.疑问语序要改成陈述语序。 （疑问词 + 主语 + 谓语 + 其他成分） 3.人称的改变(一随主、二随宾、三不变) 4.时态的变化 (主句用现在时或将来时，从句可用任何时态。主句用过去时，从句用与过去相关的时态。) 1. ‘When does the train arrive?’ Please tell me. →Please tell me the train . Key: when arrives 2. ‘What time did he get up today?’ I don’t know. →I don’t know what time up today. Key: he got 类别三:直接引语为一般疑问句 1.用连词whether/if引导 2.语序要改成 陈述语序 3.人称的改变(一随主、二随宾、三不变) 4.时态的变化 (主句用现在时或将来时，从句可用任何时态。主句用过去时，从句用与过去相关的时态。) “Do you like English?” Jim asked Tom. -- Jim asked Tom if/whether he liked English. --Jim asked Tom whether he liked English or not. (当句中用了whether … or not时，不能用if来替换whether。) Check: 1. “Is your mother a doctor?” Lucy asked me. →Lucy asked me a doctor. Key: if my mother was 2. He said, “Did you see the girl?” → ... ...