2019高三英语《定语从句》高考考点讲解课件(22张PPT)

定 语 从 句 The man who lives next to us sells vegetables. 先行词 放置于名词之_____，修饰名词的从句 关系词 连接作用 1. 2. 在从句中充当成分 后 关系词 1. 关系代词 2. 关系副词 1. 指人 2. 指物 3. 指某一情况 that who whom whose that which whose which as 不能放于句首 放于句中或句首 “正如” when where why (主语/宾语) (状语) 1、_____ is often the case, we have worked out the production plan. A. Which B. When C. What D. As 2、John said he’d been working in the office for an hour, _____ was true. A．he B．this C．which D．who 1)非限制性定语从句一般采用 which 或 as 来引导。使用这两个词时要注意三点： （1）as 引导的从句可以放在主句之前，而which 引导的从句只能放在主句之后。（2）从意义上讲，which 指前面主句的内容；而 as 指代的是作为一般人都知道的常识性的东西，因此常译成“就象……那样、正如所……的”。 （3）如果定语从句的内容对主句的内容起消极作用，则用 which，而不用 as， 考点一：关系代词: as D C 注意 the same … as / such … as 的使用问题 当先行词被 the same 所修饰时，关系词既可以用 as，也可以用 that。在表示具体事物时，有时两者有一定的区别。一般说来，表示同一种类多用 as，表示同一事物多用 that。如： This is the same instrument that I used yesterday. 这就是我昨天用过的那台仪器。 This is the same instrument as I used yesterday. 这台仪器跟我昨天用过的那台一样。 在抽象概念上，同种类和同一事物是没有绝对区别的，所以两个词可换用： I have the same opinion as / that you have. Such as 与such that He is such a good teacher ____ we all love and respect. A that B. as C. who D. so B 他是那样一位好老师，我们大家都热爱和尊敬他 他是一位我们大家都热爱和尊敬的好老师． He is such a good teacher that we all love and respect him. He is such a good teacher as we all love and respect. 1.a.It is such an interesting book _____ we all want to read twice. b. It is such an interesting book____ we all want to read it twice. A as, as B. that, that C. as, that D. that, as 2.I have never heard such stories ____ he tells. A.As B. that C. which D. what C A 考点二：分析有无先行词,巧解定语从句试题 先行词是被定语从句所修饰的中心名词,没有它的存在,定语从句就不能成立。 例1: He made another wonderful discovery ,_____of great importance to science. ?A. which I think is B. which I think it is C. which I think it D. I think which is ? 因为定语从句中不能出现代替先行词的词,故B、C为错误选项,另外关系代词应紧接在先行词后面,所以插入语I think应放在关系代词后面。 A 例2: Is this factory_____ you visited yesterday? ? A. Which B. that C. where D. the one 不少同学可能会将factory作为先行词而误选A或B,其实将该句还原成陈述句This factory is_____you visited yesterday.时,可以清楚地发现该定语从句缺少在从句中作宾语的先行词,所以应填the one。 D 例3: The students in our class study harder than _____are in their class. ?A. who B. those who C. that D. which ? 分析语境含义及句子结构可知,该空缺少先行词和在定语从句中作主语的关系代词,所以应填those who。 B 考点三：有时先行词含义较为抽象,较难看出其属性,应多加思索并认真分析后才能正确解题。 例1: He’s got himself into a dangerous situation _____ he is likely to lose control over the plan ... ...