202届中考语法专项复习之定语从句及练习题

定语从句 观察下列一组句子： I know the most beautiful girl. I know the girl who is the most beautiful. 【句子成分分析】 I know the girl who is the most beautiful. the girl: who: is…class: 一、定义 在复合句中，用来修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。被定语从句修饰的名词、代词叫先行词。定语从句放在先行词之后。 I like music that I can dance to. 先行词（物） ↘引导词 She is a girl ( who has long hair.) 先行词（人） ↘引导词 二、引导词 定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系代词who，whom，that，which，whose或 关系副词when，where，why等引出。 【例1】?-- Do you know Mo Yan? -- Of course. He is the famous writer _____won the Nobel Prize in 2012. A．who? B．whom? C．which D. where who代替的先行词是指人的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等。如： Is he the man who wants to see you？他是想见你的那个人吗？ He is the man who/whom I saw yesterday. 他是昨天我看到的那个人。 从句中缺少宾语，引导词可用who或whom，如： Is this the man with _____ you went to the zoo yesterday? A. who B. whom C. which He is a man _____ we can learn. A. whom B. from which C. from whom 先行词是人，且介词提前用whom 【练一练】He is a boy（_____ is confident.） (The boy is confident.) 主语 He is the teacher for _____ you are waiting. (介词提前) He is the teacher ( _____ you are waiting for.) (You are waiting for the teacher) 宾语 A. who B. whom C. whose 先行词是人：①引导词在句中作主语，引导词用who ②引导词在句中作宾语，引导词用whom 【解题关键步骤】 1. 确定主句和从句 2. 从句缺少的是主语还是宾语 3. 判断先行词是指人还是指物 【练一练】 1. Is this the man _____ you talk to yesterday? A. who B. what C. which 2. He is the man _____ teaches us English. A. who B. from which C. which 【例2】?Please pass me the cartoon book _____has a Mickey Mouse on the cover. A．whom? B．whose? C．who? D．which 解析：先行词是book，指物，因此关系词用which. which代替的先行词是指代事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等。如： (1) Mary likes music _____ is quiet and gentle. 玛丽喜欢轻柔的音乐。 (2) The coat _____ I put on the desk is blue. 我放桌子上的外套是蓝色的。 [练一练] 1. 这产自杭州的丝绸卖得很好。 The silk sells well _____. 2. It’s the tornado _____ is called Rainbow. A. who B. for which C. which D. why 【例3】The people _____ come to visit GZ would like to go there for shopping A. what B. which C. that D. where This is the lesson _____ we learned yesterday A. who B. what C. that D. where “万能that”既指人又指物，既可以充当主语，又可以充当宾语 [练习] 1. The stories _____ were written by Mark Twain are often humorous. A. that B. those C. who D. what 2. The question _____ I find in the newspaper was a common problem among teenagers. A. when B. who C. that D. where 【that的特殊用法】 只能使用that 的情况： 1. I’m sure she has something _____ you can borrow. 先行词为：all, everything, nothing, something, anything, little, much, few等不定代词时 2. I’ve read all the books _____ are not mine. 先行词被all, every, no, some, any, little, much等修饰时 3. This is the first book _____ he was read. 先行词被序数词和最 ... ...