高中英语必修3 Unit 4 Astronomy: the science of the stars重点单词梳理 练习（附答案）

Book 3 Unit 4 重点单词短语梳理 + 练习 （附答案） 1. exist vi. 存在, 生存, 生活, 继续存在 原句: They laid eggs too and existed on the earth for more than 140 million years. 恐龙也会下蛋, 而且在地球上存活了超过1.4亿年。(B3 P26) 例句: This kind of rare animals existed 20,000 years ago. 这种珍稀动物两万年前就存在了。 exist in 存在于……中 exist on=live on 靠……生活 exist as 作为……而存在, ⑴ The little boy cannot exist _____ the money he is earning. ⑵ Matter can exist _____ a solid, liquid or gas. ⑶ We can’t exist without water. That means our _____(exist) depends on water. 2. puzzle n. 谜; 难题v. (使)迷惑; (使)为难 原句: How life began on earth is one of the biggest puzzles that scientists found hard to solve. 生命是如何起源的这个问题是科学家很难解答的最大困惑之一。(B3 P27) 例句: How he passed the exam is still a puzzle to us. 他如何通过考试的对我们来说还是一个谜。 be puzzled by 被……迷惑 be a puzzle to sb. 对某人来说是个谜/困惑 be/feel puzzled about 对……感到困惑 运用 填入一个恰当的词或完成句子。 ⑴ Your explanation was really a puzzle _____ me. ⑵ His recent behavior_____ (使我困惑). 3. prevent /stop /keep...from 阻止/防止……做/发生…… 原句: They are putting too much carbon dioxide into the atmosphere, which prevents heat from escaping from the earth into space. 他们把过多的二氧化碳释放到大气层中, 这使得地球上的热不能释放到太空中去。(B3 P26) 例句: The farmer built a wall to prevent his chickens from running out. 那个农民建了围墙来防止鸡跑出去。 提示: 在主动语态的句子中, stop和 prevent后的from可省略, 但keep后的from不能省略; 在被动语态中, 此三个短语中的from 均不可省略。 比较: protect ...from ... 保护……不受…… 运用 根据汉语提示完成句子。 ⑴上涨的河水使我们过不了河。 The rising water _____ . ⑵人们采取行动来防止了环境的恶化。 People took measures _____. 4. now that 由于; 既然 原句: Walking does need a bit of practice now that gravity has changed. 重力改变了, 看来走路也的确需要练一练了。(B3 P31) 例句: Now that you are a student, you must obey school rules. 既然你是学生, 你必须遵守学校的规则。 ⑴ 既然大家都来了, 我们就开会吧。 _____, let’s begin our meeting. ⑵ 既然已完成了工作, 你就应该好好休息。 You ought to have a good rest _____ . 5. in time 及时(=early or soon enough) 原句: They were followed in time by land animals 陆栖动物及时来到陆地。(B3 P26) 例句: The man in time caught the bag falling from upstairs. 那个人及时接住了从楼上掉下来的包。 提示: in time与on time不同, on time意为“按时, 准时” 是就时间表来办事。in time 是就另一件事来办事。 运用 填入一个恰当的词。 ⑴ When our guests arrive at our home, we should serve tea _____ time. ⑵ With many subjects to concentrate on, I failed to finish homework _____ time. 6. break out (火灾/战争/地震等)爆发; 发生 原句:We watched, amazed as fire broke out on the outside of the spaceship as the earth gravity increased. 因为地球引力增加, 所以当宇宙飞船外边察出火花时我们看呆了。(B3 P31) 例句: The teacher stayed at home when the big fire broke out in the tall building. 当那场高楼大火发生时, 那个老师 ... ...