(
课件网) 宾语从句 主讲教师：赵艳 宾语从句是主从复合句的一种。主从复合 句是由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成 的。 主句是复合句的主体，从句仅仅是主句的 一个成分，它从属于主句，不能独立。从句在 全句中充当什么成分，就叫什么从句。宾 语从句当中的从句在全句中作宾语。 概念： 句子的宾语一般由名词、代词、 动名词或动词不定式充当，当一 个句子充当宾语时,我们把这个句 子叫做宾语从句。 宾语从句的三要点： 1、引导词 2、从句语序 3、从句的时态 宾 语 从 句 由从属连词that引导的宾语从句 由连接代词 Who,whom,whose,which， what 和连接副词 where,how,why,when 引导的宾语从句 由从属连词 whether, if 引导的宾语从句 一、引导词：取决于从句的语气 1.从句是陈述语气时，引导词用that. 2.从句是一般疑问语气时，引导词用if或 whether. 3.从句是特殊疑问语气时，引导词用特殊 疑问词。 e.g: I'm afraid that you are right. I want to know if it will rain tomorrow. I didn't hear what he wanted me to do . Do you know whose bag I am carrying? 注：that 在句中无词汇意义，在从句中不能充当成分， 在口语当中往往省略 e.g. I hear (that) _____. （一小时后他会回来） He said (that) _____. （他非常想念我们） The teacher told us (that) _____. （地球围着太阳转） he will be back in an hour he missed us very much the earth moves around the sun 由连接代词who, whom, whose, which, what及连接副词 when, where, how, why引导的宾语从句 1. He asked . (谁能回答这个问题） 2. Do you know_____. （他们在等谁） 3. He asked _____. （谁的书法是班上最好的） 4. Please tell me _____. （我们什么时候开会） 5. Can you tell me _____. （他在哪儿） who could answer the question whom they are waiting for whose handwriting was the best in the class when we’ll have a meeting where he is 由从属连词whether, if 引导的宾语从句 e.g. 1. I want to know _____. （他是否跟我们一起去公园） 2. Ask him _____. （他是否能来） 3. I don’t know _____.（是否要下雨） if (whether) he will go to the park with us whether (if) he can come whether it is going to rain or not 1、当句末为or not时，引导词只能用whether而不能用if. 2、在不定式前，引导词只能用whether而不能用if. 例如： I haven’t made up my mind whether to go there or not. He asked me when I arrived in Shanghai . I want to know where they will go. Could you tell me what you are reading? I don't know where he lives . 二、从句语序：一律用陈述语序 主句+引导词+主语+谓语动词+其他 ?????? ? ??? ????e.g? :?? Could you tell me how I can get to the Science Museum ? ???He asked him where he came from . ???Did you know what’s the name of the handsome boy in the classroom yesterday？ ???Please tell me where I can buy the beautiful flower . 请注意观察红色字体的语序 主句是一般现在时，从句可以用任何时态。 2.主句是一般过去时,从句用过去范畴的时态。 3.主句是一般过去时，但从句表达的是客观真 理或自然现象时，仍然用一般现在时。 e.g: He says that he is reading a book now. He said that he would work hard. They said they had been to France. The students asked me if the earth goes round the sun. 三、主.从句的时态呼应 具体的时态的变化 1.当主句是一般现在时，宾语从句的时态不作限 ... ...
