(
课件网) Grammar The Attributive Clause 定语从句 Unit 4 Earthquakes 定义：在主从复合句中，对某一名词或代词起修饰作用的担任定语功能的从句称为定语从句。 被定语从句修饰的名词，代词称为先行词，引导定语从句的词被称为关系词。关系词依据其功能可分为关系代词和关系副词。（that, which, who,whose,whom, why ,when where ） 定语是用来修饰，限定，说明名词或代词的品质与特征的。 The boy who wears glasses is Harry Potter. ︱ — — — ︱ ︳ 先行词 定语从句 Do you want a friend whom you could tell everything to ? It was in 1952 and Mandela was the black lawyer to whom I went for advice. The day when Nelson Mandela helped me was my happiest. Until today we have reached a stage where we have almost no rights at all. The places outside the towns where they were sent to live were the poorest parts of South Africa. We were put into a position in which we had either to accept we were less important, or fight the government. He talks about the teachers and schools that he had visited. (指人又指物，引导词用that ) 需注意的几个问题： 1.关系词作主语时，从句中谓语v.的单复数（依先行词的单复数决定） 2.区别定语从句和强调句型： a.定于从句在主句中作定语，修饰或限定n/pron.有一个先行词 b.定语从句的关系词有很多，而且都必须在从句中充当一定的句子成分。强调句型的引导词只有who、whom、that不做从句的成分，可还原成一个句子。 定语从句 It was in the year 1949 that our country was liberated.(强） We will remenber the year 1949 when our country was liberated.(定） It is the museum that/which we visited last year.(强/定） It was in the hotel that we stayed lat night.(强） It was the hotel where/in which we stayed last night.(定） 3.区别定语从句与同位语从句： a.定语从句充当的是先行词的定语，对先行词起修饰限定的作用。同位语从句充当的是前面名词的同位语，对前面的名词进行解释或补充说明。 b.定语从句中that必须充当主、宾、表 成分,作宾、表时可以省略。同位语从 句中的that不充当任何成分，但不能省略。 Word came that their army was defeated.(同位） We expressed to them our wish that was the same as theirs.(定） that they would come again.(同位） 同位语从句一般由 that/whether等连词引导， 常放在fact、news、idea、 truth、hope、problem、 doubt、information等名词后，说 明该名词的具体内容。也可用namely、 that is to say、in other words、that is、 for example等引出、说明其前面的名词 或代词。 The question whether we need more time to do the work has not been discussed. There is only one way to improve your English,that is ,to practise more. The fact has worried many scientists that the earth is becoming warmer and warmer these years.(分隔式同位语从句) 4.关系代词在从句中的省略情况： a.关系代词作宾语且前面没有介词时 b.关系代词作表语时可以省略 I have been to the city twice (that/which) you just visited.(作宾语） After 20 years,Jhon is not the naughty boy(who/ that) he used to be.(作表语） 5.限制性定语从句起限定作用，是主句不可缺少的部分，与先行词间无逗号。如果去掉，主句的意思不完整或失去意义。 ?Those who want to go please sign your names here. 想去的人请在这里签名。 ?T ... ...
