冲刺2020年江苏高考英语——(任务型阅读题)三年真题解读(学案和教案)

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台 冲刺2020年江苏高考英语———(任务型阅读题)三年真题解读 写在前面的话 任务型阅读虽然在江苏高考英语中仅仅占了10分，也是全卷占分比最小的一道题，但偏偏就是这道题 卡住了大多数考生，遭到了不少考生的吐槽。据有关方面披露，这道题的省均分每年都在4分左右，可见 其难度有多大。然而，不管有多难，我们考生都要克服畏难情绪，力争攻克这道难题，获得比较理想分 数。基于此本专题将为你排忧解难。 一、真题解析 2019 The Cost of Thinking Despite their many differences, all human beings share several defining characteristics. such as large brains and the ability to walk upright on two legs. The first unique human characteristic is that humans have extraordinarily large brains compared with other animals. It seems obvious that evolution should select for larger brains. Mammals(哺乳动物)weighing sixty kilograms have an average brain size of 200 cm2. Modern man has a brain averaging 1200-1400 cm2. We are so fond of our high intelligence that we assume that when it comes to brain power, more must be better. Unfortunately, that is not the case. The fact is that a huge brain is a huge drain—consumption of energy—on the body. I’s not easy to carry around, especially when boxed inside a massive skull(倾骨). It’s even harder to provides energy. In modern man, the brain accounts for about 2-3%of total body weight but it consumes 25% of the body’s energy when the body is at rest. By comparison, the brains of apes(类人猿)require only 8%of rest-time energy. Early humans pad for their large brains in two ways. Firstly, they spent more time in search food. Secondly, their muscles grew smaller and weaker. It’s hardly an obvious conclusion that this is a good way to survive. A chimpanzee(黑猩猩)can’t win an argument with a modern man, but it can tear the man apart like a rag doll. Another unique human characteristic is that we walk upright. Standing up, it’s easier to find food or enemies. In addition, their arms that are unnecessary for moving around are freed for other purposes, like throwing stones or signaling. As a result, humans can perform very complex tasks with their hands. Yet walking upright has its disadvantage. The bone structure of our ancestors developed for millions of years to support a creature that walked on all fours and has a relatively small head. Adjusting to an upright position was quite a challenge, especially when the bones had to support an extra-large skull. Humankind paid for its broad vision and skillful hands backaches and painful necks. We assume that a large brain makes huge advantages. It seems obvious that these have made humankind the most powerful animal on earth. But humans enjoyed all of these advantages for a full 2 million years during which they remained weak and marginal creature. Thus humans who lived a million years ago, despite their big brains and sharp stone tools, lived in constant fear of meat-eating animals. The Cost of Thinking Introduction ●Large brains for their bodies and the ability to walk upright a ... ...