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课件网) 美国的独立 目标 01 了解美国独立战争的过程和影响； 02 03 掌握《独立宣言》和美国1787年宪法的基本内容及意义； 认识美国独立战争的双重性质 背景 背景 17世纪，英国在北美殖民地建立13个殖民地 北美资本主义发展 北部：资本主义工商业比较发达 中部：农业规模较大，盛产小麦玉米 南部：盛行种植园经济 英国将殖民地当作原料产地和商品销售市场 颁布新税法 东印度公司垄断北美茶叶贸易 过程（1775—1783） 爆发 建军 建国 导火索 1773波士顿倾茶事件 1775莱克星顿的枪声 1775第二届大陆会议 1776独立宣言 独立宣言 时间 1.人人平等，享有生命权、自由权和追求幸福的权利； 2.列举英国殖民统治的暴政，号召殖民地民众起来反抗 3.宣告北美13个殖民地独立 机构 起稿 内容 1776年7月4日 大陆会议 杰斐逊 自由创作 我是杰斐逊，我准备起草独立宣言，我要向世界重申人权，揭露英国的丑陋，宣告美利坚共和国就此成立！ ?1?美国《独立宣言》（英文稿）??The?Declaration?of?Independence??Action?of?Second?Continental?Congress,?July?4,?1776?The?unanimous?Declaration?of?the?thirteen?United?States?of?America???WHEN?in?the?Course?of?human?Events,?it?becomes?necessary?for?one?People?to?dissolve?the?Political?Bands?which?have?connected?them?with?another,?and?to?assume?among?the?Powers?of?the?Earth,?the?separate?and?equal?Station?to?which?the?Laws?of?Nature?and?of?Nature's?God?entitle?them,?a?decent?Respect?to?the?Opinions?of?Mankind?requires?that?they?should?declare?the?causes?which?impel?them?to?the?Separation.?WE?hold?these?Truths?to?be?self-evident,?that?all?Men?are?created?equal,?that?they?are?endowed?by?their?Creator?with?certain?unalienable?Rights,?that?among?these?are?Life,?Liberty?and?the?Pursuit?of?Happiness?--?That?to?secure?these?Rights,?Governments?are?instituted?among?Men,?deriving?their?just?Powers?from?the?Consent?of?the?Governed,?that?whenever?any?Form?of?Government?becomes?destructive?of?these?Ends,?it?is?the?Right?of?the?People?to?alter?or?to?abolish?it,?and?to?institute?new?Government,?laying?its?Foundation?on?such?Principles,?and?organizing?its?Powers?in?such?Form,?as?to?them?shall?seem?most?likely?to??effect?their?Safety?and?Happiness.?Prudence,?indeed,?will?dictate?that?Governments?long?established?should?not?be?changed?for?light?and?transient?Causes;?and?accordingly?all?Experience?hath?shewn,?that?Mankind?are?more?disposed?to?suffer,?while?Evils?are?sufferable,?than?to?right?themselves?by?abolishing?the?Forms?to?which?they?are?accustomed.?But?when?a?long?Train?of?Abuses?and?Usurpations,?pursuing?invariably?the?same?Object,?evinces?a?Design?to?reduce?them?under?absolute?Despotism,?it?is?their?Right,?it?is?their?Duty,?to?throw?off?such?Government,?and?to?provide?new?Guards?for?their?future?Security.?Such?has?been?the?patient?Sufferance?of?these?Colonies;?and?such?is?now?the?Necessity?which?constrains?them?to?alter?their?former?Systems?of?Government.?The?History?of?the?present?King?of?Great-?Britain?is?a?History?of?repeated?Injuries?and?Usurpations,?all?having?in?direct?Object?the?Establishment?of?an?absolute?Tyranny?over?these?States.?To?prove?this ... ...
