(
课件网) 整体阅读与文章结构探究 高考阅读能力提升 阅读理解 理解作者意图，观点和态度（1-2个） 理解具体信息（多个，减少） 做出推理和判断（多个，增多） 猜测词义（1） 理解主旨要义（1） 理解文章基本结构（1个，贯穿） 考纲要求 Lead-in What would you do when you are trying to write an article? Theme Topic sentence Supporting information Learning 首段(先立论后摆事实讲道理) --正三角形（▲）--总分结构 尾段(先摆事实，后作结论) --倒三角形（▼） --分总结构 文中(先引入话题，中间分析，最后总结) --棱形（◆） --总分总结构 文中(次要-主要-次要) --沙漏形（ ） --分总分结构 主旨不明显，隐含在段意中，可根据已知细节归纳中心思想 --矩形（■） --形散神不散（故事类文章） Five kinds of structures: 文章结构 题目/首段 （核心词） -- 文章话题中心 -- 确立文体和结构 （应用文/议论文/说明文） 支撑段或扩展段 -- 读出四要素 -- 确立记叙文和结构 段落结构 主题句(Topic Sentence)，即本段话题中心（常为段首句） 支撑句或扩展句(Developing Details) How to make fast-reading? If there is one thing I’m quite sure about, it is that in a hundred years from now we still be reading newspapers. Not those newspapers are a necessity. Even now some people get most of the news from the television or have the radio switched on in the background or in the car. Many buy a paper only on Saturday or Sunday. But for most people a newspaper has become a habit passed down from generation to generation. The nature of what is news may change. What essentially (本质上) makes news is what affects our lives -- the big political stories, the coverage of the wars, earthquakes and other disasters, will continue much the same. I think there will be more coverage of scientific research, though. It’s already happening in areas that may directly affect our lives, like genetic engineering. In the future I think there will be more coverage of scientific explanations of why we feel as we do--as we develop a better understanding of how the brain operates and what our feelings really are. It’s quite possible that in the next century newspaper will be transmitted electronically from Fleet Street and printed out in our own homes. In fact, I’m pretty sure that that is how it will happen in the future. You’ll probably be able to choose from a menu, making up your own newspaper by picking out the things you want to read—sports and international news etc. 1 I think people have got it wrong when they talk about the competition between the different media. 2 They actually feed off each other. 3 Some people once foresaw that television would kill off newspapers, but that hasn’t happened. 4 What is read on the printed page lasts longer than pictures on a screen or sound lost in the air.5 And as for the Internet, it’s never really pleasant to read something just on a screen. 整体阅读： 本文共有4个自然段，各个段落之间为总分结构，文体为议论文。 Para1：Topic sentence：If there is one thing I’m quite sure about, it is that in a hundred years from now we still be reading newspapers.讲 ... ...
