分 词 用 法 一、激趣导入 同学们，请读下列句子，体会划线部分词语的用法。 A sleeping baby = a baby who is sleeping A running dog = a dog which is running 本次课我们一起来学习非谓语动词中分词的用法。 A broken glass = a glass which is broken 二、考点剖析 1、命题思路 英语中的分词有两种：现在分词和过去分词。及物动词的现在分词由“动词+ing”构成，表示正在进行和主动意义。过去分词基本形式是“动词+ed”，表示已经完成和被动意义.在此考点中，主要考查分词在句中的形式和句法功能作用。 1.现在分词： 一般式：doing 被动语态 : being done 完成式:having done 被动语态 : having been done 2.过去分词：一般表示完成的和被动的动作,只有一种形式:done 3.否定形式：not +分词doing Eg: Do you know the number of books ordered? Hearing the bad news, they couldn’t help crying. 例1.分词的主要形式： 例2. 分词的句法作用。 作定语：分词可用来修饰名词或代词，并和所修饰的词在逻 辑上有主谓关系。 前置定语 如：What exciting news it is! 后置定语 如： Do you know the girl sitting under the tree? There comes a girl dressed in red. (2) 作表语 ：分词作表语，相当于形容词。现在分词作表语通常表示主语所具有的性质或特征，含有“令人……的”意思。过去分词作表语多表示主语所处的情形或状态，含有“某人感到……的”意思。 如： The story was very interesting . I was interested in the movie. (3) 作补语: 现在分词作宾语补足语，表示动作正在进行,宾语和现在分词（主动意义）有逻辑上的主谓关系。过去分词作补足语，宾语和过去分词 （被动意义）有逻辑上的动宾关系。 如： I found the boy crying in the corner. （主谓关系，正在进行） I saw him going out. （分词，正在发生） I want to have my hair cut/ have my bike repaired/ get my ears pierced. （过去分词表被动） (4) 作状语，表时间、原因、伴随、结果、让步、方式等。 分词作状语，句子主语就是分词的主语。现在分词表主动，过去分词表被动。 如：Seeing the teacher entering the room，the students stood up. （= When the students saw the teacher entering the room，they stood up.）（时间状语，主动） Not knowing what to do about it，I asked my teacher for advice. （原因状语，主动） The teaher came in, followed by his students.（伴随状语，被动） 练习一：请选出正确的答案. 2、练一练 A B 1.—I saw Jim __ into that new building just now. —Oh, it's our new library. It __to the public for a week. A．walk; has opened B．walking; has been open C．walking; has opened 2．I heard him __ an English song when I passed his room last night. A．sing B．singing C．sung D．to sing 3. A Christmas Carol is a famous short novel __ by Charles Dickens. A．written B．was written C．wrote B 练习二：英汉翻译 the novel written by Luxun 2. a singer surrounded by a group of fans 3. 落叶 4. 被雪覆盖的城市 5. 一个发展中国家 鲁迅写的那篇小说 被粉丝包围的歌手 fallen leaves a snow?covered city a developing country Hearing the news, they all jumped with joy. 练习三：翻译下列句子： 1. 这个消息听起来令人振奋。 。 2．当我醒来时，我的妈妈正坐在我的身边。 。 3. 他听到有人正在喊他的名字。 。 4. 听到这个消息，他们全都高兴的跳了起来。 。 When I woke up, I found my sitting beside me. He heard someone calling his name. The news sounds excitin ... ...
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