初英知识点微课课件考点精讲 77 动词不定式短语

动词不定式短语 考点聚焦 1、动词不定式的定义 2、动词不定式的功能 考点一 动词不定式的概念 知识梳理 动词不定式，也叫非谓语动词，不能做谓语，没有人称和数的变化，具有名词，形容词和副词的性质，它能做句子的其他各种成分。 考点二 动词不定式的功能 知识梳理 (1) 动词不定式作主语，谓语动词用第三人称单数；为了保持句子平衡，常用it作形式主语，放到句首，而将作真实主语的动词不定式放到句末。 To Learn English well is important for our study =It is important to Learn English well for our study （for sb）. (2) 动词不定式作宾语: plan, intend, manage, hope, agree, decide, pretend He decided to go to bed early but he failed again . He stopped to smoke. He stopped smoking. 考点二 动词不定式的功能 知识梳理 (3) 动词不定式作定语 (它与所修饰的名词或代词可能是主谓关系，也可能是动宾关系。如果是动宾关系，不定式主动表示被动。) He is the first one to go to school every day. My mother always has too much housework to do. (4) 动词不定式作表语 To see is to believe. (5) 动词不定式作宾补 (可以接不定式作宾补的动词有：get, allow, forbid, prefer, force, inspire, advise, cause, tell, order, warn, teach, wish, 等等) 考点二 动词不定式的功能 知识梳理 部分感官动词和使役动词可跟省to的动词不定式作宾补：see, watch, notice, observe, look at, listen to, feel, make, let, have The teacher told him not to be late again. I find my father work on the computer day and night. (6) 动词不定式作状语，表示目的、原因、结果、程度等。 My mother got up early in order to /so as to catch the train.（目的状语） The boy is too young to dress himself.（结果状语） I am glad to see you here.（原因状语） 典例剖析 (1) Wang Dong wanted to surf the Internet, but his father told him _____. A. not to do B. not do it C. do not to D. not to 【解析】本题考查了不定式作宾补 解析: 根据句意可知：王东想上网冲浪，但他爸爸告诉他不要再玩了。本题考查的是tell+不定式作宾补：tell sb. (not) to do sth. 为了避免重复，后面省略了surf the Internet。故答案选D。 【答案】D 中考链接 ?(2) The young clerk was noticed _____ the bank alone last night. A. entering B. enter C. to enter D. entered 【解析】考查不定式短语的搭配 解析: 根据句意可知：昨晚这个年轻的职员被注意到独自一人离开银行。本题考查的是感官动词后可跟现在分词和省to的动词不定式作宾补。不定式表示全过程，现在分词表示正在进行。在被动语态中用带to的动词不定式作主语补语。故答案选C。 【答案】C 备考技法 要掌握动词不定式的用法，重点要识记和区分一些特殊动词。如哪些动词后跟动词不定式作宾语，哪些动词后跟动名词作宾语；哪些动词后根省to的或带to的不定式作宾补，哪些动词后跟现在分词作宾补等。 (1)可接带to的不定式作宾补的动词有：ask, get, allow, forbid, prefer, force, inspire, advise, cause, tell, order, warn, teach, permit, wish, invite, encourage等 (2) 可跟省to的动词不定式作宾补的动词有：在部分感官动词和使役动词后，如：see, watch, notice, observe, look at, listen to, feel, make, let, have 思维导图 (1)动词不定式作主语 (2)动词不定式作宾语 (3)动词不定式作定语 (4)动词不定式作宾补 (5)动词不定式作表语 (6) 动词不定式作状语 动词不 定式 目的状语 结果状语 原因状语 谓语动词用第三人称单数 常用 it 作形式主语，放到句首，把真 ... ...