Unit 10 I've had this bike for three years. Section A Grammar focus(4a-4c) 导学案（含答案）

人教版英语八年级下册第10单元Section A Grammar focus (4a-4c)导学案 关于资料的使用说明：该资料以课本内容为主线，包含单词过关、短语突破、语法简单讲解和少量练习巩固，是同学们课前前预习的助手，也可以作为教师的教学参考，欢迎下载！ Unit 10 I’ve had this book for three years Section A (4a-4c) 预习目标: 1、通过预习，熟悉本节课要复习的现在完成时知识点。 2、通过预习，巩固现在完成时的用法。 学习重难点: 重点是在不同的语境中能够正确区分各种时态并能够正确运用。 2、难点是弄清楚瞬间动词在现在完成时中与延续性动词的相互转换。 预习导学： 读句子，感受现在完成时中介词for和since的用法。 1. --How long have you had that bike over there --I’ve had it for three years. 2. --How long has his son owned the train and railway set --He’s owned it since his fourth birthday. 3. —Have you ever played football Yes, I did when I was little, but I haven’t played for a while now. 关于现在完成时：表示从过去已经开始持续到现在的动作或状态，可以和表示“从过去某一时刻延续到现在的一段时间状语”连用。 常见时间状语的表达。 for + 一段时间 , since + 过去点时间 , since+ 过去时的从句 , since + 一段时间 + ago .且 for 与 since 引导的时间状语可以互换。 例句：用for和since填空 1、My uncle has worked at this factory _____ ten years. My uncle has worked at this factory _____ ten year ago. 2、I’ve lived here _____ 1990． 3、I haven’t seen him _____ three years. 4、She’s been at this school _____ five years ago. 5、we have learned English _____ five years. 6. The Toms have lived here _____ 2020. 现在完成时的用法: 1.现在完成时表示过去发生或者已经完成的动作或者对现在造成的影响或结果。 标志词：already, yet, just, ever, never 观察以下句子： (1). 我买了这辆自行车5年了。 I have bought the bike for five years. 此种用法不正确，因为buy（过去式为bought是瞬间动词，不能与一段时间连用。）要改成：I’ve had the book for five years. buy — have (2). 你哥哥参军多长时间了？How long has your brother joined the army 此种用法不正确，how long 询问的时间是一段时间，而join 是瞬间动词，二者不能连用。正确的表达是： How long has your brother been in the army/been a member of soldier Join — be a member of \ be in the … 2. 完成时表示过去某一时刻开始一直持续到现在的动作或者状态。 注意：此种用法中表示持续性的动作或状态的动词必须是延续性动词。 常见的非延续性动词转换成延续性动词有以下这些： borrow — keep buy — have put on — wear catch a cold — have a cold begin / start — be on go out — be out close — be closed open — be open get to/arrive/reach — be (in) die — be dead leave — be away finish — be over fall sleep — be asleep join — be in/be a member of become — be make friends — be friends 4a Rewrite the sentences using for or since. 1. Jim is in Japan. He arrived there three days ago. _____ 参考答案： Jim has been in Japan for three years. Jim has been in Japan since three years ago. 2. They are very hungry. Their last meal was ten hours ago. _____ 参考答案： They have been hungry for ten hours \ since ten hours ago. 3. I have a camera. I bought it in 2009. _____ 参考答案： I have had a camera since 2009. 4. I kno ... ...