(
课件网) 句子构成 基本句型 主谓 主谓宾 主谓补 （Linking Verb） 主谓宾宾 主谓宾补 定语：品质，特征（......的） This is a tasty tea. ( 形容词tasty做定语修饰tea ） This is the book which I bought in Paris. ( Which引导的定语从句作定语） The tension in the room has changed. ( In the room短语用来修饰tension，表示房子里的紧张气氛 ） 状语：修饰动词 I left school immediately. （副词 immediately 做状语修饰left） I left school after dinner. （介词短语 after dinner 做状语修饰left） When the bell rang, I left school. （从句when... 做状语修饰 left） 状语种类 时间、地点、条件、让步、目的、方式、原因、比较、结果 同位语 This is Mr．Brown，our Spanish teacher． 降级：非谓语动词、从句、从属连词（because，although） 一山不容二虎 非谓语动词作宾语（表语） I want to walk. I like walking. His wish is to walk. 非谓语动词做主语 Walking is good To see is to believe 其他情况（定状补） 1. 确定非谓语动词的逻辑主语，并确定它们之间是主动还是被动。 2. 明确非谓语动词和主干谓语动词之间的时间关系。 非谓语动词 不定态 进行态 完成态 思维内涵 要做未做 正在进行 已经完成 形式（主动） to do doing done （只有被动） 形式（被动） to be done being done We have empty bottles to recycle. We have empty bottles to be recycled. 逻辑主语 做定语 句子A：My colleague has the report. 句子B：My colleague teaches English. 句子A：My colleague has the report. 句子B：My colleague teaches English. 非谓语动词：My colleague teaching English has the report. colleague 是teach 的逻辑主语，主动，且描述现在状态 句子A：The first textbook which was written for English teaching came out in the 16th century. 非谓语动词：The first textbook written for English teaching came out in the 16th century. 两个句子主语相同 句子A：I didn't receive any message from her. 句子B：I gave her a phone call. As I didn't receive any message from her, I gave her a phone call. Not receiving any message from her, I gave her a call. Helped by local students, we spent only an hour to complete the job. As we were helped by local students, we spent only an hour to complete the job. Walking out of the room, he saw the boy still there. Being ill, he didn't go to school yesterday. The fire lasted nearly a month, leaving nothing valuable Working hard at your lessons, you will succeed. Studying from morning till night, I didn't pass the exam. The girl came into the classroom, singing and dancing. 为了让句意更明确，可适当加连词 Don't walk while having dinner. Once losing the chance, you can't easily find it. 时间关系 Having been told this many times, he finally understood it.
