医护英语 Unit 6-1 The Blood System-Reading A The Blood（含学习指导+答案）

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台 Medical and Nursing English Unit – 6 The Blood System Reading A The Blood 黑龙江 哈尔滨 邱尚瑛 Warm-up1. Do you know what the blood is？2. What does the blood consist of 3. What will happen to a person without enough blood Think over while reading 1. What is the blood？What does the blood consist of？ 2. What are the major functions of the blood 3. What is blood volume Reading The blood is a kind of fluid tissue which circulates in the cardiovascular system. The blood consists of blood cells and plasma—a pale yellowish liquid. The blood cells constitute about 55% of the total blood volume and plasma about 45%. The blood plays an important role in both the realization of different kinds of functions and the maintenance of homeostasis in the human body. The blood serves to transport substance, initiate immune and defensive reactions, and maintain homeostasis in the human body. The blood carries oxygen to the cells in the body. It supplies to cells nutrients, such as amino acids, glucose, vitamins, minerals and so on. The blood can also remove carbon dioxide and waste products and carry them to the organs, such as the lungs, liver and kidneys. The blood regulates the temperature of the body by altering the blood flow through the skin. Besides, the blood can maintain the relative stableness of the pH value of plasma, which depends on the regulative effect of the buffer system of the blood. In addition, the blood can help to destroy bacteria and protect the body from infection. Without blood, our organs couldn’t get the oxygen and nutrients they need to survive, we couldn’t regulate the temperature of our body, we couldn’t fight against infections, and we couldn’t get rid of our own waste products. Without enough blood, we’d weaken and die. The blood volume refers to the total volume in the circulatory system. The blood volume in normal adults is about 7%-8% of the body weight, that is, 70-80ml of the blood per kilogram of the body weight. If the blood loss in a volume exceeds 20% of the total blood volume, the blood pressure will decrease obviously. If the blood loss exceeds 30% of the total blood volume, the life will be dangerous. A blood transfusion should be conducted right away in case of massive blood loss. Notes 1. The blood is a kind of fluid tissue which circulates in the cardiovascular system. 血液是在心血管系统内循环流动的一种液体组织。 …a kind of fluid tissue which circulates …：关系代词which引出限制性定语从句，修饰先行词tissue。 the cardiovascular system …：心血管系统 2. The blood consists of blood cells and plasma. 血液由血细胞和血浆组成。 consists of：由……组成。例如： Water consists of oxygen and hydrogen. 水由氢和氧组成。 3. The blood cells constitute about 55% of the total blood volume and plasma constitutes about 45% of the total blood volume. 血细胞约占血液总量的55%，血浆约占血液总量的45%。 constitute：组成。例如： Female workers constitute the majority of the labor force. 女性雇员占劳动力的 ... ...