Present Perfect Tense 现在完成时 主谓模块 1：I have been 我已经是...(结果)/我已经是...有一段时间了（“可延续性”） 肯定句 否定句 一般疑问句及回答 I have been a worker. I have not been a worker. Have you been a worker Yes, I have. / No, I haven’t. You have been a worker. You have not been a worker. Have you been a worker Yes, I have. / No, I haven’t. He has been a worker. He has not been a worker. Has he been a worker Yes, he has. / No, he hasn’t. She has been a worker. She has not been a worker. Has she been a worker Yes, she has. / No, she hasn’t. It has been a worker. It has not been a worker. Has it been a worker Yes, it has. / No, it hasn’t. We have been workers. We have not been workers. Have you been workers Yes, we have. / No, we haven’t. You have been workers. You have not been workers. Have you been workers Yes, we have. / No, we haven’t. They have been workers. They have not been workers. Have they been workers Yes, they have. / No, they haven’t. 主谓模块 2：I have done 我已经做过...(结果) （“非延续性”）/我已经做...有一段时间了（“可延续性”） 肯定句 否定句 一般疑问句及回答 I have worked. I haven’t worked. Have you worked Yes, I have. / No, I haven’t. You have worked. You haven’t worked. Have you worked Yes, I have. / No, I haven’t. He has worked. He hasn’t worked. Has he worked Yes, he has. / No, he hasn’t. She has worked. She hasn’t worked. Has she worked Yes, she has. / No, she hasn’t. It has worked. It hasn’t worked. Has it worked Yes, it has. / No, it hasn’t. We have worked. We haven’t worked. Have you worked Yes, we have. / No, we haven’t. You have worked. You haven’t worked. Have you worked Yes, we have. / No, we haven’t. They have worked. They haven’t worked. Have they worked Yes, they have. / No, they haven’t. 1 时间模块：Time Markers 时间标志词 just already ever / yet never 从未 刚刚已经 已经 （用于疑问） not...yet 尚未 lately/recently so far/until now before many times 最近 到目前为止 以前 多次 since 1999 since I was born in the last/past few for 10 years 自从 1999 年以来 自从我出生以来 years 持续有 10 年 在过去的数年中 标准句子结构 ●主谓模块 1+X+时间模块 I have been a worker for 10 years. 我当员工已经有 10 年了。 ●主谓模块 2+X+时间模块 Jack has just left. 杰克刚刚已经离开了。（非延续性） I have worked in Ireland since 1986. 自 1986 年以来我就已经在爱尔兰工作了。（延 续性） 用法总结 The present perfect is used to indicate a link between the present and the past. The time of the action is before now but not specified, and we are often more interested in the result than in the action itself. 现在完成时用来表示现在和过去之间的联系。虽然该动作发生在过去，但我们没 有具体说明某个时间（一旦提到具体的表示过去的时间就需要使用“一般过去 时”），我们只是对该动作的结果更感兴趣。 An action or situation that started in the past and continues in the present. 过去开始并持续到现在的状态或动作。 I have lived in China since 1984 (= and I still do.) 自 1984 年以来我就已经住在中国了（暗含：现在我还住在中国）。 An actio ... ...
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