(
课件网) 非谓语动词 动词不定式 动词-ing形式 动词-ed形式 非谓语动词在句中不可单独用作谓语，不受主语的人称和数的限制。非谓语动词包括不定式、动词-ing形式和过去分词。 非谓语动词 非谓语动词 主动形式 被动形式 动词-ing形式 一般式 doing being done 完成式 having done having been done 不定式 一般式 to do to be done 进行式 to be doing / 完成式 to have done to have been done 过去分词 done 1. 非谓语动词（动词-ing形式和不定式）作主语 动词-ing形式可表示一般或抽象的多次性的动作，而不定式则往往表示具体的或一次性的动作。如： Reading aloud is very important for us to learn a foreign language. To do this is to cut the foot to fit the shoe. 非谓语动词的句法功能 ★有些动词后常跟不定式作宾语。这类动词常见的有agree, aim, arrange, choose, decide, demand, desire, determine, expect, fail, intend, learn, manage, offer, plan, prepare, pretend, promise, refuse, threaten, wish等。如： He finally agreed to pay for the damage. You can't expect to learn a foreign language in a few months. 2. 作宾语（动词-ing形式和不定式） ★有些动词后常跟动词-ing形式作宾语。这类动词常见的有admit, allow, appreciate, avoid, consider, delay, deny, dislike, enjoy, escape, excuse, finish, forbid, imagine, include, mind, miss, permit, practise, recommend, resist, risk, suggest等。如： She admitted having driven the car without insurance. I really enjoyed watching the film again. I can hardly imagine sailing across the Atlantic Ocean in five days. 【注意】 1) 有些动词既可以跟动词-ing形式，又可以跟不定式作宾语，但意义有所区别。 remember to do sth. 记着要做某事 doing sth. 记得做过某事 forget to do sth. 忘记要做某事 doing sth. 忘记做过某事 regret to say/ tell/ inform…. 遗憾地说/告诉/通知 doing sth. 后悔做过某事 stop to do sth. 停下来做另一件事 doing sth. 停下正在做的事 try mean to do sth. 打算做某事 doing sth. 意味着做某事 to do sth. 不能帮助做某事 doing sth. 情不自禁做某事 can’t help to do sth. 尽力做某事 doing sth. 试着做某事 e.g. Remember to take your P.E. clothes to school. 别忘了把你的运动服带到学校去。 I remember meeting her at a party once. 我记得曾在某次聚会上见过她一面。 I didn’t mean to upset you. 我并不是要让你伤心。 My new job will mean travelling all over the world. 我的新工作需要在世界各地到处跑。 2) need, want, require既可以用动名词也可用不定式作宾语，但用法不同。 need(s) (需要) want(s) (想要) sb. to do sth. need(s) want(s) require(s) sth. doing (主动形式表被动意义) to be done e.g. He needs to leave at once. The window needs cleaning/to be cleaned. 3) 无论是普通介词还是含介词的动词短语，一般情况下都要用动词-ing形式作宾语。如： If you insist on doing something, do it every day. After finishing his share of the work he went to help the others. to既可以作介词，又可以作不定式符号，因此要牢记含介词to的常用短语: be used to (习惯于) be accustomed to (习惯于) be opposed to (反对) object to (反对) lead to (导致) be devoted to (献身于) come close to (差不多) stick to (坚持，坚守) get down to (开始) pay attention to (注意) 3. 非谓语动词作定语 ( ... ...
