
陈述句 知识经纬 1. 了解陈述句的概念 2. 了解肯定句变否定句的基本方法 知识要点 一、陈述句的概念 陈述是用于陈述事实和观点的句子,句末用句号。如: He gets up at seven. 他七点钟起床。(陈述事实) I don’t think so. 我不这么认为。(陈述观点) 二、陈述句的分类 陈述句有肯定式和否定式两种结构。 1. 陈述句的肯定式 陈述句的肯定式有以下两种形式: (1) 主语+系动词+表语。如: This is my brother. 这是我哥哥。 I am a teacher. 我是一名老师。 Li Ming and Li Hua are good friends. 李明和李华是好朋友。 (2) 主语+谓语+其他成分。如: I read books on Sundays. 我在星期天读书。 He plays football every day. 他每天都踢足球。 2. 陈述句的否定式 1. be动词的否定式 be动词根据不同的人称和时态有不同的形式,在一般现在时中是am、is、are,在一般过去式是was、were,可用作连系动词,但不管在何种情况下,构成否定式时,一律在其后面加否定词not。如: I am a student. → I am not a student. He is reading. → He isn’t reading. They are working. → They are not(aren’t) working. 2.情态动词的否定式 情态动词的否定式是在其后面直接加not。如: He can dance. → He can not (can’t) dance. You must play football here. → You must not(mustn’t)play football here. 3.实义动词的否定式 实义动词与连系动词是相对的,实义动词意思完整,能独立作谓语。如:say,read,fly。实义动词变否定句时,要借助助动词do,does,did等来构成否定式,在一般现在时中用do或does,在一般过去时中用did。如: I like pop music. →I do not (don’t) like pop music. He likes running. →He does not (doesn’t) like running. He went to the zoo yesterday. →He did not (didn’t) go to the zoo yesterday. 注意:陈述句为一般现在时,主语为第三人称单数时,或当陈述句是一般过去时时,其否定句中谓语动词变为原形。如: ①误:Li Lei doesn’t likes sports. 正:Li Lei doesn’t like sports. ②误:Lily didn’t slept well last night. 正:Lily didn’t sleep well last night. 点睛题 ( )1. My sister _____ moon cakes with eggs in them. A. don’t like B. doesn’t like C. doesn’t likes D. doesn’t liking 解析: 该句为一般现在时的否定句,主语为my sister为第三人称单数,需用doesn’t, 然后加上动词原形like. 答案: B 2. 句型转换:He does his homework at home. (改为否定句) 解析:该句为一般现在时,主语为第三人称单数,所以要借助助动词does来构成否定形式。 答案:He doesn’t do his homework at home. 3. 改错:He didn’t went to the zoo yesterday. A B C 解析:此题为改错题,一般过去时的陈述句变否定句时加助动词did,要注意的是助动词后面的动词过去式要变为原形,故错的选项为C。 答案:C went → go 基础闯关 (限时10分钟 满分30分) 一、仿照例子,根据括号中的动词提示把肯定句变成否定句。(每小题3分,共15分) 例: There isn’t ( be ) a map on the wall. This _____ ( be ) my bag. It _____ ( was) cloudy yesterday. I _____ ( do ) want to go with you. She _____ ( can ) play basketball. He _____ ( do ) go to school by bike. 二、将下列排列错乱的单词连成一个通顺的陈述句。(每小题3分,共15分) is, teacher, she, my (.) _____ his, David, does, homework (.) _____ on, we, have, Sunday, lessons, some (.) _____ football, Peter, playing, likes, doesn’t. _____ isn’t, too, driving, Chen Jie, fast (. ) _____ 名校培 ... ...
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