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新概念英语第一册 Lesson121-122语法点归纳学案(含练习答案)

日期:2024-10-06 科目:英语 类型:初中学案 查看:62次 大小:58603Byte 来源:二一课件通
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新概念,英语,一册,Lesson121-122,语法,归纳
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中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台 新概念英语第一册 语法点总结 Lesson121-122 语法点总结: 关系代词引导的定语从句 关系代词定义:指的是代表引导词,同时在从句中作一定的句子成分。关系代词有主格、宾格和属格之分,并有指人与指物之分。关系代词用来引导定语从句。 定语从句定义:定语从句:定语从句是由关系代词或关系副词引导的从句,其作用是作定语修饰主句的某个名词性成分,相当于形容词,所以又称为形容词性从句,一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面。 关系代词引导的 定语从句概念: 关系代词引导的 定语从句 是一种由关系代词引导的从句,这种从句在英语语法中起着重要的修饰和限定作用。关系代词在从句中不仅代表先行词,还在从句中充当一定的句子成分,如主语、宾语或定语等。 系代词有主格、宾格和属格(所有格)之分,并有指人与指物之分。that的用法最广,that 可指人也可指物。见表: 指人 指物 限定性 非限定性 限定性 主格 who/that which which/that 宾格 whom/that which which/that 属格 whose of which/whose of which/whose 详细梳理: 1. 关系代词 that, which, who, whom, whose, 引导的定语从句 关系 代词 先行词 从句 成分 例句 that 人、物 主语 宾语 All are not friends that speak us fair. 说我们好话的不一定都是朋友。(作主语) That's the only step (that) we can take at the moment. 这是我们目前所能采取的唯一措施。(作宾语) which 物 主语 宾语 He lives in the house which is opposite to ours. 他住在我们对面的房子里。(作主语) Pollution is a pressing problem (which) we must deal with. 污染是我们必须处理的一个迫切问题。(作宾语) who 人 主语 宾语 One who makes light of himself is slighted by others. 自重才能受人敬。(谚) whom 人 宾语 She is a friend of mine (whom) I have known since childhood. 她是我从小就认识的一位朋友。 There are some people at the meeting (whom) I didn't know before.会议上有一些我从前不认识的人。 whose 人、物 定语 He is a man whose word is as good as his bond. 他是一个讲信用的人。 Water is a compound whose composition is hydrogen and oxygen. 水是一种化合物,其构成成分是氢和氧。 2.关系代词的选择 (1)可以互换的关系代词 ① that 既可指人又可指物,指人时可与 who, whom 互换,指物时可与 which 互换 Do you know the man who/ that has long hair 你认识那个留长发的男人吗 Don't expect people to do things that/which you would not do yourself. 己所不欲,勿施于人。(谚语) Is that the man (whom/that) you gave your ticket to.那就是你送给票的那个人吗 ② 在口语中,可以用 who 代替 whom 在定语从句中作宾语The man who/whom I saw is called Tom.我见到的那个人叫汤姆。 (2)只能使用关系代词 that 的几种情况: 先行词是 all, much, little, few, some,everything, anything, nothing, none,the one 等或被不定代词修饰时: This is all that I have done. 这就是我所做的一切。(先行词是 all, all that = what) I did nothing that might hurt you.我没做可能伤害你的事。 先行词被 the only, the last, the very 等修饰时: This is the very book that I want. 这正是我想要的书。Drawing is the only thing that interests her.画画是她唯一感兴趣的事。 先行词是形容词最高级或被形容词最高级修饰时: 500 dollars is the best deal that I can offer you.500美元就是我能给你最大的优惠。 先行词是序数词或它前面有序数词修饰时: Don't trust the first sign that you see.不要相信你看见的第 ... ...

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