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课件网) 第二部分 语法精研 专题探究二 动词的运用 ———用动词的适当形式填空”是山西中考英语试题中的必考点,涉及 的题型有听力填空以及词语运用。山西中考题中常见的考查点有:①动 词原形;②动词的时态、语态;③非谓语动词;④词性转换等。 微技能一 如何判断动词的时态 解答题目时,应先分析句子结构,确定所缺失内容是谓语动词后, 再根据语境含义和提示词判定动词的时态。山西中考常考时态有一般现 在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时和现在完成时。 1. 一般现在时 (1)填动词原形:一般现在时中,非第三人称单数作主语,谓语用动 词原形。 典例 (2024·山西)Very young children (learn) in a natural way. Without being taught, they know colors and voices. learn (2)填动词的第三人称单数形式:一般现在时中,第三人称单数 (he/she/it等)、指示代词(this/that等)、不定代词 (someone/anyone/everything/something等)或不可数名词作主语时,谓 语动词用第三人称单数。 典例 (2023·山西)My dad is ill in bed. My mom (work) in a supermarket every day. works 2. 一般过去时 (1)由上下文或主从句的时态判断。 典例 (2022·山西)First, she was asked to wash the breakfast dishes. After that, her dad (tell) her to give their dog a bath. told (2)根据时间状语判断:如出现yesterday,just now,时间段+ ago,last night/week/month/year,in the past等,则可初步确定,使 用一般过去时。 典例 (2023·太原二模)He Sudan (create) sand paintings about the 24 solar terms (节气) last year. created 3. 一般将来时 (1)遵循时间、条件状语从句等主从复合句中“主将从现”原则。 典例 (2022·山西)A kid who doesn’t look you in the eye may not believe in himself, or he may be afraid of his elders. My advice: if they smart, friendly and polite, probably it OK. (be) are will be (2)根据时间状语判断:in the future,tomorrow,soon,next week,in +时间段等。 典例 (2023·山西)I hope each of you can come up with at least one idea. And we (make) a plan tomorrow. (3)表明一种必然趋势。 典例 Because I have been wrongly accused (指责), you and everybody else (regard) me as a bad girl. are going to make/will make will regard 4. 现在进行时 (1)根据时间状语和标志词推断:now,at the moment,these days, this week,this month,look,listen,can’t you see?等。 典例 Listen! Jack (sing) in the art room. He often sings there. is singing (2)根据上下文、语境意义判断:表示正在进行的动作或现阶段正在 进行或从事的动作。 典例 (2024·山西)“Things in our lives are all about math. Hey, may I have a look at what you (hide) What is it ” she joked. are hiding 5. 现在完成时 (1)根据时间状语和标志词推断:already,yet,just,ever,so far, before,recently,for+时间段,since+时间点/从句等。 典例 (2024·山西)I’m Sophia. I (be) in Smart Start Group for a year. have been (2)根据语境意义推断:表示过去发生或完成的动作对现在造成的影 响或结果。 典例 Thanks to the use of 5G technology, ways of communication (improve) a lot. have improved 微技能二 如何判断动词的语态 1. 句中有被动语态的标志词by来表示动作的执行者。 ... ...