初中英语语法 之 定语从句 定义 定语:用来修饰名词、代词的词或短语 beautiful girl 形容词 three students 数词 woman teacher 名词 nothing to worry about 不定式短语 定语从句:在复合句中,修饰名词或代词的句子 句子结构:先行词+关系词+从句 定语从句 I like the music [that I can dance to]. 我喜欢我能随之而舞的音乐。 先行词 关系词 先行词:定语从句修饰的名词或者代词(在定语从句之前) 关系词:连接主句和从句的词(紧跟先行词) 关系词的作用:连接从句,充当定语从句成分,代替先行词 定语从句的分类 定语从句的分类 限定性定语从句:无逗号,从句是主句不可缺少的部分。 My sister[who is 26] is a nurse. 我26岁的姐姐是一名护士。 非限定性定语从句:有逗号,主句完整,从句是补充说明。 My sister is a nurse,[who is 26]. 我的姐姐是一名护士,26岁。 关系词 关系代词 关系代词 关系形容词 that which who whom whose 指代 人/物 物 人 人 成分 主/宾 主/宾 主/宾 宾 定 意思 ...的 使用 从句缺少主语或宾语时 句子完整 后有名词 1、充当主语/宾语 2、当定语whose“的” 人 物 做题步骤:ABC ①找A 先行词 ②选B 关系词 ③减C 减去同义词(相同成分) ④如果不是,就选关系形容词或关系副词 小牛试刀 选择合适的关系词并判断在句中的成分(主、宾、定、状) I have an apple _____is green. ( ) I know a man_____is a doctor.( ) This is the place _____we visited last time.( ) I know the man _____you just talked with.( ) I like the girl _____hair are black and long.( ) This is the school _____my mother works.( ) 关系副词 关系副词 when where why 指代 时间 地点 原因 成分 状 状 状 意思 使用 句子完整时 I still remember the day when my sister was born. on which =on that day 小试牛刀 I will never forget those years I lived on the farm. I have been to the place the Indians lives. This is the reason he can’t come to the meeting. Do you know the nearest place which is famous its beautiful natural scenery in our town. When don’t know the exact time they will return. 四、特殊用法(有戴一双特高靴) 先行词只能用that引导,不用which引导 there be 句型(关系代词指物) e.g. There are some books that I am found of. 这有一些我喜欢书。 不定代词做先行词(all,anything, everything, nothing,something,little,much等) e.g. There is nothing that I can say about it. 我没什么可说的了。 当主句是以who,which或what开头的疑问词。 e.g. Who is the man that is waiting at the school gate 先行词即有人又有物 e.g. They talked about the people and places that they had visited. 他们谈论他们拜访过的人和去过和地方。 先行词被表示特指唯一的词修饰,如 the only , the same, the one等 e.g. The only thing that we can do is to ask the teacher for help. 我们能做的唯一的一件事情就是向老师寻求帮助。 先行词被形容词最高级修饰 e.g. This is the most interesting movies that I have ever watched. 这是我看过的最有趣的电影 先行词被序数词修饰(first,second,last等修饰) e.g. This is the first letter that I’ve written in English. 这是我用英语写的第一封信 五、将两个句子合成有定语从句的复合句。 注意:需要先考虑先行词是人还是物;然后考虑关系代词在从句中的成分(主语、宾语、定语和状语) The boy is Tim. The boy is good at singing. The boy_____ Tom. 2、Xiangxi is a famous city. The ci ... ...
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