高效语法 第8讲 虚拟语气独立主格结构 课件（共30张）+教案--2026届高考英语外研版（2019）大一轮复习

英语[W] (一)虚拟语气 先了解 1.虚拟语气与陈述语气、祈使语气、疑问语气和感叹语气共同构成英语的五种基本语气。 2.虚拟语气用于表达说话人的主观愿望、假设或难以实现的情况。 3.虚拟语气以其表达的委婉性和语用功能的丰富性，起到较好的修辞效果。 划重点 1.虚拟语气在if条件从句中的用法；2.虚拟条件句的其他用法；3.虚拟语气在其他从句中的用法 重点1　虚拟语气在if条件从句中的用法 1．与现在事实相反：从句did/were，主句would/should/could/might＋do If we took that train, we would arrive too late. 如果我们乘坐那列火车，我们就到得太晚了。 2．与过去事实相反：从句had done，主句would/should/could/might＋have done If he had followed my advice, he wouldn't have lost his job. 如果他听了我的建议，他就不会丢掉工作了。 3．与将来事实相反：从句did/were或should do或were to do，主句would/should/could/might＋do If it should rain tomorrow, I would stay at home. 如果明天下雨的话，我将待在家里。 重点2　虚拟条件句的其他用法 错综虚拟条件句 从句与主句的动作表示的时间不一致 含蓄条件句 通过上下文语境或without, but for, otherwise, but等词或短语判断 倒装虚拟条件句 如果if条件中含有were, should或had，那么可以把if省去，而把were, should或had提到主语的前面 ①If George had followed his father's advice, he would be a lawyer now. 如果乔治听了他父亲的建议，他现在就会是一名律师了。(错综虚拟条件句) ②We would have reached the top of the mountain but for this awful weather. 要不是天气恶劣，我们就到达山顶了。(含蓄条件句) ③I was so busy then, otherwise, I would have told him the answer. 我当时太忙，否则，我会告诉他答案。(含蓄条件句) ④Had I taken the picture of the singer, I would show it to you right now. 要是我当时拍下了那位歌手的照片，我现在就会让你看一下。(倒装虚拟条件句) ⑤Should he have time tomorrow, he would come to help us. 要是他明天有空，他会来帮助我们。(倒装虚拟条件句) 重点3　虚拟语气在其他从句中的用法 1．在wish后的宾语从句中(＝if only)，表示“要是……该多好啊；但愿……”。 (1)表示将来的主观愿望， 用would/could/might do I wish we would go to the moon some day. 我希望将来有一天我们能去月球。 (2)表示与现在的事实相反，用过去时(be用were) I wish the weather were better now. 我希望现在天气好一些。 (3)对过去的事情表示遗憾，用had done How I wish I had chosen air mail instead! 要是我选择航空邮递多好啊！ 2．在as if(＝as though)引导的表语从句或状语从句中。 (1)用did表示与现在的事实相反 Does it seem as if he pretended to be poor 他看起来像是在装穷吗？ (2)用had done表示与过去的事实相反 I've been working all day, but I feel as if I had achieved nothing. 我整天一直在工作，但我感觉好像一事无成。 (3)用would do表示与将来的事实相反 At one stage it looked as though they would win. 有一段时间，他们好像大有获胜的希望。 【特别提醒】 as if引导的从句中，如果表示真实的情况，则用陈述语气。 3．用在表示命令、请求、要求、建议的动词如recommend, order, suggest, advise, command, demand, request, require, insist, desire, propose等后的宾语从句及其相对应的名词后的表语从句或同位语从句中，谓语动词用(should) do。 ①Teachers recommend (that) parents (should) not allow their children under 12 to ride bicycles to school for safety. 老师建议 ... ...