Unit 3 Celebrations Lesson 1 Spring Festival 被动语态 导学案(含答案)-2025-2026学年高中英语北师大版(2019)必修第一册
日期:2025-09-18科目:英语类型:高中学案查看:59次大小:31872B来源:二一课件通
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Unit,必修,2019,北师大,高中英语,学年
被动语态 一、被动语态基本知识 1. 概念 语态是动词的一种形式,它表示句子的主语和谓语动词之间的关系。语态通常分为主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者,被动语态则表示主语是动作的承受者。 2. 构成 被动语态一般由“助动词 be + 及物动词的过去分词”构成。助动词 be 本身无词义,但有人称、数和时态的变化。 3. 用法 (1)讲话者不知道动作的执行者或不必说出动作的执行者。(这时可省略 by 短语) My bike was stolen last night. 我的自行车昨晚被偷了。 (2)借助被动的动作突出动作的承受者。 The bike was knocked down by a naughty boy. 这辆自行车被一个调皮的小男孩撞倒了。 (3)为使句子更加合理、流畅。 The plan was supported by those who wished to live on campus. 这计划得到希望住在校内的人的支持。 (4)习惯用法的需要。 这类词常见的有 born、determine、devote、seat、dress、situate 等。 He was born in China in 2014. 他于 2014 年出生在中国。 4. 即学活用 用所给动词的正确形式填空。 (1)(2019 天津卷) A study shows the students who are engaged (engage) in after - school activities are happier than those who are not. (be engaged in 是固定短语,“参与;从事” ) (2) The lecture will be given (give) by Joe Smith in the lecture hall at 8 o'clock tomorrow morning. (“tomorrow morning” 是将来时标志,lecture 和 give 是被动关系,用一般将来时被动语态 ) (3)These new cars were made (make) in Shanghai in 2014. (“in 2014” 是过去时标志,cars 和 make 是被动关系,用一般过去时被动语态 ) (4) The whole village was washed (wash) away by the flood. (village 和 wash 是被动关系,用一般过去时被动语态 ,描述过去发生的事 ) 二、形式 时态 构成形式 一般现在时 am/is/are + done 一般过去时 was/were + done 一般将来时 be going to/will/shall + be done 现在进行时 am/is/are + being done 过去进行时 was/were + being done 将来进行时 shall/will be + being done 现在完成时 have/has + been done 过去完成时 had + been done 将来完成时 shall/will have + been done 过去将来时 would/should + be done 含有情态动词 情态动词 + be done 即学活用 用所给动词的正确形式填空。 (1) The machine was being repaired (repair) at this time yesterday. (“at this time yesterday” 是过去进行时标志,machine 和 repair 是被动关系,用过去进行时被动语态 ) (2) The condition is treated (treat) usually with drugs and a strict diet. (condition 和 treat 是被动关系,一般现在时被动语态 ) (3) The students have been working hard on their lessons and their efforts will be rewarded (reward) with success in the end. (“in the end” 表将来,efforts 和 reward 是被动关系,用一般将来时被动语态 ) (4)(2019 江苏卷)Wildlife is threatened (threaten) greatly in the modern age. (wildlife 和 threaten 是被动关系,一般现在时被动语态 ) (5) More trees must be planted (plant) every year to stop the wind. (must 后接动词原形,trees 和 plant 是被动关系,用 be planted ) (6) Children should be allowed (allow) to choose their clothes. (should 后接动词原形,children 和 allow 是被动关系,用 be allowed ) 三、特殊用法 1. 连系动词 look、sound、feel、smell、taste、seem、appear、get、grow、keep 等可用主动形式表示被动意义。 She proves very patient and warm - hearted ... ...