译林版高中英语必修第一册Unit 4 Looking good，feeling good Section Ⅱ Grammar and usage学案

Section Ⅱ　Grammar and usage 关系副词引导的限制性定语从句 [教材示例] 分析下列加黑部分，并体会它们的语法功能 1．In a society where being thin is often seen as being beautiful，teenagers sometimes turn to extreme methods to slim down quickly. 2．It is normal for teenagers to be slightly overweight and there is no reason why they should be worried. 3．They are still growing，and night is the time when their bodies grow faster. 4．Teenagers who do not sleep well may experience situations where body development slows down，and their health suffers. [我的发现] (1)句1、4中关系副词where引导定语从句并在从句中作地点状语。 (2)句2中关系副词why引导定语从句并在从句中作原因状语。 (3)句3中关系副词when引导定语从句并在从句中作时间状语。 一、关系副词的指代及功能 关系副词 在从句中所作成分 先行词 when 指时间，在从句中作时间状语 表时间的名词：time，moment，day，month，year，period等 where 指地点，在从句中作地点状语 表地点的名词：place，house，city，country，world，street等及一些表示抽象地点的名词，如 point，case，position，condition，situation等 why 指原因或理由，在从句中作原因状语 表原因的名词：reason，excuse等 I can not forget the day when I first saw you. 我永远不会忘记第一次见到你的日子。 This is the house where they lived a week ago. 这是一个星期前他们住过的房子。 The reason why I don't trust him is that he often tells lies. 我不信任他的原因是他常常撒谎。 二、关系副词引导的定语从句注意事项 1．表示时间、地点及原因的名词作先行词时，定语从句可用关系副词引导，也可用关系代词引导。若先行词在定语从句中作状语时，应用关系副词；若先行词在定语从句中作主语或宾语时，则应用关系代词。 2．关系副词when，where，why相当于“介词＋which”结构： when＝on (in，at，during ...)＋which where＝in (at，on...)＋which why＝for which This is the town where/in which I was born. 这就是我出生的城镇。 He will always remember the day when/on which his father returned from Beijing. 他将永远记得父亲从北京返回的那一天。 The main reason why/for which he lost his job was that he often drank. 他失去工作的主要原因是他经常酗酒。 in the short/long term 从短期/长期看 (教材原句)In the long term，they may be at increased risk of having a poor memory，being overweight and suffering a heart attack. 从长远来看，他们记忆力差、超重和心脏病发作的风险可能会增加。 (1)in the short/long term＝in the short/long run 从短期/长期看 (2)in terms of... 就……来说；从……角度 (3)be on good/bad terms with... 和……关系好/不好 [佳句背诵]　The agreement should have very positive results in the long term. 从长远来看，这个协议将会产生非常积极的影响。 ◎基础练透———单句语法填空 ①My parents have been on good terms with the neighbors. ②In terms of salary，the job is good，but it has some disadvantages. ◎能力提升———微写作 ③In the short term/run we will lose money，but in the long term/run we will make a profit. 从短期看，我们赔了钱，可是从长远看来，我们会赚钱的。 attack n．发作；攻击；抨击 vt. & vi.攻击；侵袭；抨击 (1)under attack 遭到攻击；遭到抨击 make an attack on/upon 向……发动进攻/攻击 (2)be attacked with... 患……病 [佳 ... ...