Period 4 单元语法讲练 主谓一致 一、名词作主语时的主谓一致 1．表示复数意义的名词people，police，cattle等，形式上是单数，而意义上却是复数，谓语动词要用复数形式。 The police are searching for a tall dark man with a beard． 警察正在搜寻一个留着胡子、皮肤黝黑的高个子男人。 2．集体名词crowd，family，team，group，government，committee，class，union，firm，staff，public等作主语时，谓语动词的数要根据语言内容而定。强调整体，谓语动词用单数形式；强调各个成员，谓语动词则用复数形式。 As far as I know，his family is a big one．(强调整体) 据我所知，他家是一个大家庭。 When I visited them yesterday，the family were having dinner．(强调成员) 昨天当我拜访他们时，他们一家人正在吃饭。 3．只作不可数名词的集体名词clothing，furniture，baggage/luggage，scenery，jewellery，equipment等作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。 His luggage is very heavy，and he needs someone to help him． 他的行李很重，需要有人帮他一下。 The scenery of this mountainous area is beautiful，which has attracted many tourists． 这个山区的风景很美，吸引了很多游客。 4．单复数同形的名词means，sheep，deer等作主语时，谓语动词需根据其表达的单复数的意义而定。 All possible means have been tried，but none of which is perfect． 所有可能的方法都试了，但是没有一个是完美的。 Every possible means has been tried and the result is very good． 每一个可能的方法都试了，而且结果非常好。 5．只有复数形式的名词，如goods，clothes，remains等作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。 The goods of the store are of high quality． 这个商店的货物质量好。 Her clothes are always beautiful and fashionable． 她的衣服总是很漂亮，而且时尚。 6．表示成双成套的名词glasses，trousers，shoes，scissors，gloves等作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。 My shoes don't fit my feet，so I have to buy another pair． 我的鞋不合脚，因此我只好再买一双。 The glasses she bought yesterday are very expensive． 她昨天买的眼镜很贵。 [名师点津] 表示成双成套的名词前若有pair of，type of等修饰时，谓语动词的形式根据量词的形式而定。 A new pair of glasses was bought yesterday for her by her friend． 昨天她的朋友为她买了一副新眼镜。 [即时训练1] 单句语法填空 ① Your trousers _____ (be) torn and you'd better not wear them． ②Few of his family _____ (be) in support of him，which makes him very sad． 二、并列结构作主语时的主谓一致 主语 谓语动词 由and或both．．．and．．．连接，其内容是复数/单数意义 复数/单数 由or，either．．．or．．．，neither．．．nor．．．，not only．．．but also．．．，not．．．but．．．等连接 就近原则 主语后有with，together with，along with，as well as，like，rather than，but，except等词或短语时 单复数与前面的主语一致 Jim and Mary are specialists in cancer research． 吉姆和玛丽是癌症研究专家。 Both Jim and his parents were sitting in the shade of a large tree． 吉姆和他父母都坐在一棵大树的树荫下。 Either you or the president is to deliver a speech about the topic． 关于这个主题，要么你，要么主席来发表演讲。 Not only he but also I look down upon those who always rely on others． 不仅仅他，我也瞧不起那些一直依赖别人的人。 Neither the students nor the teacher knows the reason ... ...
