单元小测(Unit 5) Ⅰ.1.greeting 2.rarely 3.departure 4.security 5.explosion 6.decreasing 7.criteria 8.comparison Ⅱ.1.braved heavy snow 2.die out 3.in harmony with 4.was named after 5.took over Ⅲ.1.could I imagine how 2.while the great one becomes more precious 3.turns out that Ⅳ.【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文。一项研究表示,一个国家的特定文化价值观可能决定人们对环境问题的关注是否会促使个人做出环保行为。 1.A 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Kimin Eom, a psychological scientist of the University of California, Santa Barbara, was inspired to investigate the links between culture, environmental concern, and environmental action after noticing that both public discussion and academic research on environmental behaviour typically focus on people from Western countries.”(加州大学圣芭芭拉分校的心理科学家Kimin Eom注意到,关于环境行为的公众讨论和学术研究通常都集中在西方国家的人身上,因此受到启发,开始调查文化、环境关注和环境行动之间的联系。)可知,Kimin Eom注意到之前关于环境行为的公众讨论和学术研究通常都集中在西方国家的人身上,由此可推测出,这些研究的对象具有局限性。故选A。 2.A 推理判断题。根据第四段中的“On the other hand, believing that a large percentage of people engage in environmentally friendly behaviours was associated with making eco-friendly choices among Japanese participants, but not American participants.”(另一方面,在日本参与者中,相信很大一部分人进行环保行为与做出环保选择有关,但在美国参与者中则不然。)可知,在日本参与者当中,当他们相信有很大一部分人做出了环保行为,他们也会做出环保选择。由此可推测出,当一个日本人看到其他人采取环保行动,那么他也会这么做。故选A。 3.D 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Our research suggests that scientists, policymakers, and activists need to understand how culture shapes the psychological factors of action to develop policies, campaigns, and interventions(干预) that address important social issues.”(我们的研究表明,科学家、政策制定者和活动家需要了解文化如何塑造行动的心理因素,以制定解决重要社会问题的政策、运动和干预措施。)可推测出,该研究为促进公众参与解决社会问题提供了见解。故选D。 4.C 主旨大意题。通读全文可知,第一段“The specific cultural values of a country may determine whether concern about environmental issues actually leads individuals to engage in environmentally friendly behaviours, according to research published in Psychological Science.”引出主题,即一个国家的特定文化价值观可能决定人们对环境问题的关注是否真的会促使个人做出环保行为,所以C项“激励生态友好行为取决于文化价值观”最适合做本文标题。故选C。 Ⅴ.【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了人工智能在保护濒临灭绝的物种和防止非法狩猎方面的应用。 1.E 上文“It has been more than 40 years since anyone spotted a Japanese river otter (水獭). And the once common Yangtze River dolphins have either disappeared or are very rarely seen.”列举了两种疑似灭绝或濒临灭绝的动物,E项 (这些只是近年来被列为灭绝或局部灭绝的物种中的一小部分)是对上文内容的总结,句中these指代上文中Japanese river otter和Yangtze River dolphins,上下文语意连贯。故选E项。 2.G 上文“A huge challenge sci ... ...
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