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Unit 1 Science and Scientists同步词汇笔记(讲义,表格式)-2024-2025学年高中英语人教版选择性必修第二册

日期:2025-09-18 科目:英语 类型:高中教案 查看:46次 大小:39824B 来源:二一课件通
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人教版 选择性必修二 Unit 1 Science and Scientists.同步词汇笔记 序号 单词 派生词 核心考点 单词速记 例句 1 cholera / k l r / n. 霍乱 无 无特殊搭配,指“由细菌引起的急性肠道传染病” 音译“霍乱”,联想“急性传染病,有腹泻、脱水症状” Cholera broke out in the poor area due to dirty water.(由于水质不洁,该贫困地区爆发了霍乱。) 2 severe /s v (r)/ adj. 极为恶劣的;十分严重的;严厉的 1. severely adv. 严重地;严厉地2. severity n. 严重性;严厉 1. severe disease(严重疾病)2. severe weather(恶劣天气) “severe=严重的”,联想“病情、天气的‘严重’程度” The patient is in severe condition and needs urgent treatment.(病人病情严重,需要紧急治疗。) 3 diarrhoea / da r / n. 腹泻 无 1. suffer from diarrhoea(患腹泻)2. severe diarrhoea(严重腹泻) 音译“腹泻”,联想“肠道疾病常见症状” Diarrhoea is a common symptom of cholera.(腹泻是霍乱的常见症状。) 4 dehydration / di ha dre n/ n. 脱水 dehydrate vt. 使脱水;vi. 脱水 1. suffer from dehydration(患脱水)2. dehydration caused by diarrhoea(腹泻引起的脱水) 拆分:de-(去除)+ hydr-(水)+ ation→“去除水分”即脱水 The child was sent to hospital for dehydration after days of diarrhoea.(孩子腹泻多日后因脱水被送医。) 5 frustrated /fr stre t d/ adj. 懊恼的;沮丧的;失意的 1. frustrate vt. 使沮丧;阻碍2. frustration n. 沮丧;挫折 1. be frustrated with(对……感到沮丧)2. feel frustrated(感到沮丧) “frustrated=沮丧的”,形容人(区别于frustrating“令人沮丧的”,形容事物) He was frustrated with his failure in the math exam.(他对数学考试失利感到沮丧。) 6 once and for all 最终地;彻底地 无 固定短语,表“一次性解决,不再重复” 字面“一次且为了所有”→“彻底一次” We need to solve this problem once and for all to avoid future trouble.(我们需要彻底解决这个问题,避免日后麻烦。) 7 contradictory / k ntr d kt ri/ adj. 相互矛盾的;对立的;不一致的 1. contradict vt. 反驳;与……矛盾2. contradiction n. 矛盾;不一致 1. contradictory opinions(矛盾的观点)2. be contradictory to(与……矛盾) 拆分:contra-(相反)+ dict-(说)+ ory→“说相反的话”→矛盾的 Their statements about the accident are contradictory to each other.(他们对事故的描述相互矛盾。) 8 infection / n fek n/ n. 感染;传染 1. infect vt. 使感染;传染2. infectious adj. 传染性的;感染性的 1. viral infection(病毒感染)2. prevent infection(预防感染) “infect的名词形式”,联想“病原体侵入人体引发的状态” The wound is at risk of infection if not cleaned properly.(伤口若清洁不当,有感染风险。) 9 infect / n fekt/ vt. 使感染;传染 1. infection n. 感染;传染2. infectious adj. 传染性的 1. infect sb. with sth.(使某人感染某物,如infect with virus)2. be infected with(被感染,被动语态) “infect=感染”,强调“病原体传播给生物” The virus can infect people through close contact with patients.(该病毒可通过与患者密切接触感染人。) 10 germ /d m/ n. 微生物;细菌;病菌 无 1. kill germs(杀菌)2. harmful germs(有害病菌) “germ=病菌,细菌”,日常语境中常指“致病微生物” Washing hands with soap can help remove most germs on the skin.(用肥皂洗手可去除皮肤表面大部分病菌。) ... ...

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