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课件网) Learning about language Discover useful structure Unit 3 FOOD AND CULTURE To learn to use the past perfect tense and the past perfect passive voice To be able to use the past perfect tense and the past perfect passive voice properly Lead-in Look at the two pairs of sentences, paying attention to the meaning and use of the past perfect tense and the past perfect passive voice. 1. The chef had set up a farm-to-table restaurant before his new cookbook was published. 2. They had finished their dinner by the time Sam joined them. 3. Most of the guests had left when he arrived at the party. 4. Their dinner had been finished by the time Sam joined them. 被动语态 The Past Perfect Tense 过去完成时 第4句有什么特别之处呢？ Presentation The basic structure of the Past Perfect Tense 基本结构：“had + 过去分词” 被动语态：“had been + 过去分词” 基本含义：过去完成时表示在过去某一时刻已经完 成的动作，即“过去的过去”。 had done Present “过去的过去” Presentation Usage of the past perfect tense – rule 1 1. When the police arrived, the thief had run away. 2. Before he volunteered to direct the traffic, Tom had lost lots of jobs. 3. He hadn’t finished it by yesterday evening. 4. By the end of this year, they _____ (treat) over 800 patients. (1)表示过去某时或某动作之前就已经完成或结束的动作。 注：过去的时间有时由时间状语表示出来（如上面的例句3），但在更多的情况下时间由上下文表示出来。 had treated Presentation Usage of the past perfect tense – rule 2 1. Kevin had been a newspaper reporter for two years before he became a businessman. 2. He said he _____ (work) in that factory since 1949. 3. I had been at the bus stop for 20 minutes when a bus finally _____ (come). (2) 过去某一时间的动作或状态持续到过去另一时间，有时可能继续下去，常与for，since等引导的时间状语连用。 came had worked Presentation Usage of the past perfect tense – rule 3 1. Scarcely had the votes been counted, when the telephone rang. 2. No sooner had I walked out than I remembered that I forgot my homework. 3. Hardly had we sat down to supper when the phone rang. (3) 常用固定句型：（刚……就……） Hardly / Scarcely ... when ；No sooner ... than否定词置于句首，需要部分倒装。主句用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时。 Presentation Usage of the past perfect tense – rule 3 即学即练 1. 我刚到车站，火车就开了。(scarcely ... when ...) I had scarcely reached the station when the train started. /Scarcely had I reached the station when the train started. 2. 结果刚一宣布，人们就欢呼起来。(hardly ... when ...) Hardly had the result been announced when the crowd applauded. The result had hardly been announced when the crowd applauded. Presentation Usage of the past perfect tense – rule 4 1. We had intended to have a barbecue in the open air, but the weather was bad. 2. I had wished _____ (become) a doctor, but I studied law at college. 3. They _____ (plan) to see us off at the airport. (4) 常用hope, expect, suppose, think, want, wish等动词的过去完成时 ... ...
