(
课件网) Modals 情态动词 (1) What have you learnt about modals at junior high (Rules and examples) 1．情态动词有一定的词义，不能单独作谓语，需和实义动词或系动词一起作谓语。 She can speak English though she is six. 2．情态动词一般无人称和数的变化，个别情态动词有现在时和过去时两种时态变化。 They must be in the classroom. 3．构成否定句时，not放在其后面, have to例外 (don’t have to)。 The young man can’t carry the big stone. 4．情态动词后接动词原形。 You have to do as I told you. I. Basic rules (Worksheet page 21) A review: 情态动词歌曲_哔哩哔哩_bilibili II. Specific examples A summary: can的过去式：could will的过去式：would may的委婉形式：might ought to≈should don’t have to≈needn’t be able to≈can have to≈must mustn’t≈can’t II. Specific examples Today: be able to needn’t have to dare not had better III. Function and meanings Talk about the function of modals. Then match the meanings to the words in bold. (1)can只有现在时和过去时(could), 而be able to则有更多的时态变化, 在非谓语动词中只能用be able to。 Being able to communicate ideas in a meaningful way is a valuable skill. 能够以有意义的方式交流想法是一项宝贵的技能。 (2)can一般指自身具有的能力, 而be able to则表示经过一段时间的努力后所具有的能力, 相当于manage to do或succeed in doing。 (3) be able to可以用在一些情态动词之后。 She _____ sing the song in English. He will _____ sing this song in English in a few minutes, too. A. can & be able to can be able to (1) need作情态动词时, 后跟动词原形, 表示“需要，有必要”, 无人称和数的变化, 多用于疑问句、否定句或条件句中。 There’s plenty of time. You needn’t drive so fast. 注意：由need/shall/must引起的一般疑问句，肯定回答常用must或have to；否定回答常用needn’t或don’t have to。 —Need/Must I finish the work today / Shall I tell John about it —Yes, you _____/ No, you _____ (2) need作实义动词时，后可接名词、动名词、不定式等，有人称、时态和数的变化。 The bike needs repairing.＝The bike needs to be repaired. B. needn’t must/have to. needn’t/don’t have to. (1) have to“不得不”，有时态、人称和数的变化，其否定形式为don’t/didn’t have to (haven’t to表示没做过某事：He haven’t lie)。 Students have to wear a uniform. (2) have to表示一种客观的需要，而must表示一种主观的需要。 I _____ finish my homework today. I’m going out tomorrow. I _____ finish my homework today. We have to hand it in tomorrow. C. have to & must must have to dare 表示“敢……”,多用于否定句、疑问句、表示怀疑的句子中。既可以作实义动词(加不定式），也可以作情态动词（加原型），即以下都可以: dare (not) (to) do do/does/did/will not dare (to) do (BE: daren’t: daren’t do) 他不敢表达自己的想法。 He dared not to say what he thought. He didn’t dare to say what he thought. He daren’t say what he thought. D. dare not had better后跟动词原形，表示“最好……”, 否定式: had better not do。 You’d better get there before it gets dark. 你最好天黑前到那。 _____ 我们最好不要这么大声说话。 E. had better We’d better not talk so loudly. Exercise: ... ...
