从句分类 三大从句：名词性从句+形容词从句+副词性从句 1. 名词性从句(主宾表同)：主语从句+宾语从句+表语从句+同位语从句 2. 形容词从句：定语从句 3. 副词性从句：状语从句 宾语从句 1. “全面理解”宾语从句 (1) 情况1：谓语动词+句子 I think (that) you are a good man. (2) 情况2：形容词+句子 I am aware that he is right. / The team is confident that they will win. 原因：虽然它不是形容词 aware的直接宾语，因为形容词不能带宾语，动词才可以。但是形容词aware的词义是不完整的，它“渴望”被补充说明。“aware”意识到什么呢？that he is right他是对的。这个从句补足了形容词的意义。形容词在此处和动词功能是“平行的”。 (3) 情况3：间接宾语+句子 理解双宾语：宾语分“直接宾语”和“间接宾语” I give you a book. 直接宾语：a book / 间接宾语：you She asked him somethings. 直接宾语：somethings / 间接宾语：him She asked him whether he needed help. 注意：情况三容易和定语从句混淆 ① He told me that he would leave. (他告诉我他要走了) ② He told me a story that was very boring. (他给我讲了一个非常无聊的故事) 2. 宾语从句 “引导词”：两大类 (即“名词性从句”引导词) (所有从句引导词有重叠，不完全割裂) (1) 第1类：不充当成分 ① that 无词意且不充当成分可省略。 ① if / whether 意思为“是否”，不可省略 (因为有意思) 注意：只能用whether不能用if的情况：前有介词 / 后有to do / 句末or not 例句：I’m thinking about whether he will come. 我在想他是否会来。 I can’t decide whether to stay. 我不能决定是否留下来。 Can you tell me whether it is your pen or not. 可以告诉我这个是不是你的笔。 (2) 第2类：充当成分 (充当成分：从句缺“主宾表”用) ① 连接代词：what/which/who/whose (定从无what) ② 连接副词：when/where/why/how (按定从思路理解：不缺) (定从无how ) ③ 疑问词组：how far/how often/how long等 (②和③充当状语) (按定从理解：不缺) 3. 相应练习 1. I don’t know _____ he is late for the meeting. 2. Could you tell me _____ the next train arrives 3. She wondered _____ I preferred, tea or coffee. 4. Do you know _____ car that is parked in front of our building 5. The teacher asked _____ I had understood the lesson. 6. I can’t decide _____ I should go on vacation this summer. 7. He didn’t say _____ he was so angry yesterday. 8. Please show me _____ I can operate this new machine. 9. We discussed _____ we should hold the party. 10. Can you remember _____ you put the keys 11. The guide explained _____ the ancient building was so important. 12. I wonder _____ will come to the presentation tomorrow. 13. They haven’t decided _____ they will move to a new city. 14. The child asked _____ the stars twinkle at night. 15. I’m not sure _____ I can solve this problem by myself. 16. He didn’t realize _____ serious the situation was. 17. We need to find out _____ broke the window. 18. Pay attention to _____ the speaker is saying. 19. The map shows _____ the treasure is hidden. 20. I’ll ask him _____ he has finished the report yet. 21. Do you know _____ invented the telephone 22. I can’t imagine _____ he felt when he won the prize. 23. The notice tells us _____ we can hand in our applications. 24. He didn’t explain _____ he cou ... ...
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