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课件网) 高考英语 重点语法思维导图 专题十 定语从句 01 1.限制性定语从句 从句在句中是不可缺少的部分，去掉后主句意思往往不明确，与主句之间不用逗号隔开。 2.非限制性定语从句 从句是对主句或先行词的补充说明，去掉后不影响主句的意思，与主句之间往往用逗号隔开。 This is the house which we bought last month. The house, which we bought last month, is very nice. 定语从句的种类 当先行词是专有名词或被物主代词或指示代词所修饰时，其后的定语从句通常是非限制性的。 非限制性定语从句还能将整个主句的内容作为先行词，对其进行修饰，这时从句谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式。 02 关系代词和关系副词 关系代词 先行词 在从句中所作成分 that 人或物 主语、宾语、表语 which 物 主语、宾语 who 人 主语、宾语 whom 人 宾语 whose 人或物 定语 as 人或物或主句 主语、宾语、表语 关系副词 先行词 在从句中所作成分 when 时间名词 时间状语 where 地点名词 地点状语 why reason 原因状语 03 1. 先行词是all, everything, anything, nothing, little, much, few等不定代词。 2. 先行词是序数词或形容词最高级或被它们修饰。 3. 先行词被the only, the very （正好）, the last, all, any, every, no, little, much等限定词修饰。 4. 先行词中既有人也有物。 5. which或who作主句主语的特殊疑问句。 I will tell you everything that I know. What is the first foreign city that you have ever been to 只能用关系代词that Chatting is the only thing that interests her. Who is the boy that is lying under the tree The things and persons that they mentioned are strange to me. 04 （1）引导非限制性定语从句。 His best movie, which won several awards, was about the life of Gandhi. She lost the game,which depressed her greatly. （2）“介词+关系代词”结构中。 I bought a great many books, on which I spent all the money that I saved. （3）先行词是that。 What is that which you put into your schoolbag just now 只用关系代词which 05 1.关系代词的选用 若介词放在关系代词之前，关系代词指人时常用whom，指物时常用which。另外，whose也可以放在介词后，即“介词+whose+名词”结构。 2.介词的选用 （1）根据从句中动词、形容词等与介词的习惯搭配来确定。 （2）根据语意表达的需要来确定。 （3）根据表达的需要也可用介词短语，如by means of, as a result of等。 （4）表示整体和部分关系时，介词常用of。 （5）“名词+of+关系代词”引导定语从句时，可与“whose+名词”替换。 “介词+关系代词”引导定语从句 With the fast development of agriculture, the people, in whose village she taught 10 years ago, have lived a happy life. She lives in a house, the windows of which（= whose windows） face to the east. “介词+where”引导的定语从句 这一结构是为了让句意表达更清楚，要从意思上与“介词+which”引导的定语从句加以区别。 His head soon appeared out of the window, from where he saw nothing but trees. （from where相当于from out of the window，而不是from the window） 05 “介词+关系代词”引导定语从句 06 1.as引导非限制性定语从句时，代替整个主句，对其进行说明，往往表示“正如……；正像……的那样”，常用于as we （all） know, as is known （to all）, as is mentioned above, as is reported （in the newspaper）, as is often the case 等句式中，位置灵活，可位于句首、句中 ... ...
