
小学英语一般现在时be动词、助动词do/does用法专练 be动词的用法(am, is, are) be动词是“是”的意思,它的形式会根据主语的人称和数发生变化,我们可以总结为“我用am,你用are,is连着他、她、它;单数名词用is,复数名词全用are”。 1. be动词的三种形式及搭配 be动词形式 搭配的主语 例句 am I(我) I am a student.(我是一名学生。)I am happy today.(我今天很开心。) is he(他)、she(她)、it(它);单数名词(如a cat, the book) He is a teacher.(他是一名老师。)She is 10 years old.(她10岁了。)It is a dog.(它是一只狗。)The apple is red.(苹果是红色的。) are you(你/你们)、we(我们)、they(他们/她们/它们);复数名词(如cats, books) You are my friend.(你是我的朋友。)We are in Class 1.(我们在一班。)They are students.(他们是学生。)The flowers are beautiful.(花很漂亮。) 2. be动词的否定句:在be动词后加not 结构:主语 + be + not + 其他 例:I am not a doctor.(我不是医生。) He is not tall.(他不高。)= He isn't tall.(缩写形式) They are not cats.(它们不是猫。)= They aren't cats.(缩写形式) 3. be动词的一般疑问句:把be动词提到主语前,句尾加问号 结构:Be + 主语 + 其他? (肯定回答:Yes, 主语 + be. 否定回答:No, 主语 + be + not.) 例:Are you a student (你是学生吗?)Yes, I am.(是的,我是。)/ No, I am not.(不,我不是。) Is she your sister (她是你妹妹吗?)Yes, she is.(是的,她是。)/ No, she isn't.(不,她不是。) Are these books yours (这些书是你的吗?)Yes, they are.(是的,它们是。)/ No, they aren't.(不,它们不是。) 三、助动词do/does的用法 当句子中出现“吃、喝、玩、学、跑”等实义动词(有实际意义的动词)时,我们需要用助动词do/does来构成否定句和疑问句,它们本身没有实际意义,不能单独作谓语。 1. do/does的搭配规则 “主语是第三人称单数时用does,其余情况全用do” 助动词形式 搭配的主语 例句(肯定句,无助动词,实义动词原形/三单) do I、you、we、they;复数名词(如cats, students) I eat breakfast at 7.(我7点吃早餐。)You play football after school.(你放学后踢足球。)They read books every day.(他们每天看书。) does he、she、it;单数名词(如a boy, the bird) He plays basketball.(他打篮球。)She reads English in the morning.(她早上读英语。)It eats fish.(它吃鱼。)The dog runs fast.(狗跑得很快。) 重点提醒:主语是第三人称单数时,肯定句中的实义动词要加“s”或“es”(如play→plays, watch→watches),但在否定句和疑问句中,加了does后,实义动词要变回原形! 2. 助动词do/does的否定句:主语 + do/does + not + 实义动词原形 + 其他 例:I do not like apples.(我不喜欢苹果。)= I don't like apples.(缩写) He does not play football.(他不踢足球。)= He doesn't play football.(缩写,play变回原形) They don't watch TV in the evening.(他们晚上不看电视。) 3. 助动词do/does的一般疑问句:Do/Does + 主语 + 实义动词原形 + 其他? 肯定回答:Yes, 主语 + do/does. 否定回答:No, 主语 + do/does + not. 例:Do you like bananas (你喜欢香蕉吗?)Yes, I do.(是的,我喜欢。)/ No, I don't.(不,我不喜欢。) Does she go to school by bus (她坐公交车上学吗?)Yes, she does.(是的,她坐。)/ No, she doesn't.(不,她不坐。) Do they study Chinese (他们学语文吗?)Yes, they do.(是的, ... ...
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