句子成分和五种句子类型(广东省深圳市)

课件59张PPT。句子成分和简单句的五种基本句型句子成分组成句子的各个部分叫做句子的成分 它包括主，谓，宾，宾补，表（直宾，间宾），定，状 主语和谓语是句子的主体部分。 表语，宾语和宾补是谓语里的组成部分。 定语和状语是句子的次要部分。 句子成分的构成句子的主干成分：主语、谓语、宾语、表语 句子的次要成分：定语、状语、补语、插入语、同位语主语1. 主语是谓语讲述的对象。 2. 表示所说的“是什麽”，“是谁”， 3. 一般由名词，代词或相当于名词的词或短语充当。 4. 它在句首。 We study in No. 7 Middle School. The classroom is very clean. To teach them English is my job. Surfing, diving and swimming are all water sports.谓语1. 说明主语“做什麽”，“是什麽”，或“怎麽样”。 2. 必须用动词。 3. 和主语在人称，数两个方面必须一致（主谓一致）。 4. 在主语后面。 His parents are doctors. She looks well. We study hard. We have finished reading the book. He can speak English.表语1. 说明主语“怎麽样”，或“是什麽” 。 2. 位于在be动词, 系动词后面。 You look younger than before. I am a teacher. Everybody is here. My job is to teach them English. They are at home now.系动词（必背）be (am is are was were) / seem / keep /…是/好象(似乎)是/保持 look / feel / taste / smell / sound / …看/感觉/尝/闻/听起来(上去) 感官动词 become / turn / get / grow / …变得 宾语1. 是动作，行为的对象。 2. 由名，代，或相当于名词的词，短语来担任。 3. 它和及物动词一起说明主语做什麽。 4. 在谓语(及物动词后，)之后。分为直接宾语和间接宾语。 She is playing the piano. He often helps me. He likes to sleep in the open air. We enjoy living in China.及物动词和不及物动词及物动词是后面可以直接跟宾语的动词: see / hear / drank / eat / … I saw him last week. We heard the bad news yesterday. They eat bread every day. He drank a glass of milk just now. 不及物动词是后面不可以直接跟宾语的动词: laugh / smile / look / listen / … She smiled happily. They laughed loudly. 如果要加宾语,就要靠一个介词来帮助: She look at the blackboard carefully. He listened to his teacher in class. They laughed at us after the match. 定语用来修饰名词或代词。定语起类似于形容词的修饰作用， The black bike is mine. What is your name? They made paper flowers. The boys in the room are in Class Three, Grade Two. I have something to do. 状语1. 修饰动词，形容词或副词, 状语类似于副词 。 2. 一般表示行为发生的时间，地点，目的，方式，程度等意义。 3. 一般放句末，有的也可放在句首，句中。 He did it carefully. Without his help, we couldn’t work it out. In order to catch up with my classmates, I must study hard.简单句的五种基本类型英语的句子结构简单句并列句复合句*几个简单句用分号或并列连词连接起来构成并列句; *几个简单句可通过各种方式组合成含有主句和从句 的复合句。简单句 简单句的五种句型1）SV 主语＋谓语eg. The telephone rang. His father might have died.2) SVP 主语＋谓语＋表语eg. The plan sounds perfect. Frank is an artist.3) SVO 主语＋谓语＋宾语eg. I saw a bird. My sister enjoyed the play.简单句的五种句型4）SVOiOd 主语＋谓语+间接宾语＋直接宾语eg. The lady gave Jack a watch. My father bought me a bicycle.5) SVOC 主语＋谓语＋宾语＋补语eg. They called him a fool. She found t ... ...