难点17：独立主格结构

2010年高考英语难点37讲 难点17 独立主格结构 英语与汉语在表达习惯上有些不同，独立主格结构便是其中之一。独立主格结构是学习的难点。独立主格结构用作状语，多用来表示行为方式或伴随的情况，也可用来表示时间、原因、条件等。 ●难点磁场 1.(★★★★) ,they will go and visit the zoo. A.Weather permitting B.Weather permitted C.Weather being permitted D.Weather having permitted 2.(★★★★)The problem ,they all went home happily. A.settling B.to be settled C.settled D.to settle 3.(★★★★)A lot of work ,he had no time to talk with us. A.done B.to do C.doing D.to be doing ●案例探究 1.Everyone_____ their seats,the meeting began. A.taken B.taking C.having taken D.to take 命题意图：此题考查独立主格结构作时间状语。此题属五星级题目。 知识依托：名词或代词+现在分词作状语，名词或代词就是分词的逻辑主语。 错解分析：A项taken为过去分词，它与逻辑主语之间逻辑上是被动关系，而此题中everyone与take their seats 应为主动关系。B项强调动作与句子谓语表示的动作同时发生，而此题中应是先就座，后开会，有明显的先后顺序。 解题方法与技巧：①everyone与take their seats是主动关系。 ②分词与句子谓语有明显先后顺序。分词应用过完成式。 答案：C 2.He stood there,his hands_____ behind. A.tying B.tied C.were tying D.were tied 命题意图：此题旨在考查独立主格作方式状语。此题属四星级题目。 知识依托：“名词或代词+过去分词”作为独立主格结构作状语。名词/代词与过去分词构成逻辑上的被动关系。 错解分析：D项干扰性最强，但是若选D项，题干为两个独立的简单句，缺少连词，可把句子改为He stood there and his hands were tied behind. 解题方法与技巧：弄清楚名词与分词之间的逻辑关系。 答案：B 3._____,Mother had to stay at home and looked after him. A.Being ill B.He was ill C.Tom being ill D.To be ill 命题意图：此题考查独立主格结构作原因状语。此题属五星级题。 知识依托：名词或代词加现在分词构成的独立主格结构。 错解分析：干扰性最强的选项为A项，A项为现在分词短语作状语，其逻辑主语应是句子的主语Mother,那和“Mother had to…looked after him”意思不一致了。 解题方法与技巧：掌握分词作状语与独立主格结构作状语的区别。 答案：C ●锦囊妙计 1.独立主格结构是由一名词或代词（作逻辑主语）加现在分词、过去分词、不定式、形容词、副词或介词短语构成，用作状语。 2.名词与现在分词是逻辑上的主动关系，与过去分词是逻辑上的被动关系。 3.掌握分词或分词短语作状语与独立主格结构作状语的区别。 ●歼灭难点训练 1.(★★★★★)_____,there is no school. A.It is Sunday B.It was Sunday C.It will be Sunday D.It being Sunday 2.(★★★★)_____,all the students ran out of the classroom. A.Class was over B.Class is over C.Class over D.When class over 3.(★★★★)_____,everything has changed. A.Time goes on B.Time going on C.As time going on D.With time went on 4.(★★★★)He was lying on the grass,his hands_____ under his head. A.crossing B.crossed C.was crossing D.were crossed 5.(★★★★★)The storm_____ their house,they had to live in a cave. A.destroyed B.destroying C.having destroyed D.being destroyed 6.(★★★★)He entered the room,_____. A.his nose was red with cold B.and his nose red with cold C.his nose red with cold D.his nose been red with cold 7.(★★★★)Here are th ... ...