考点一 非谓语动词作主语和宾语 一、v-ing作主语 1.v-ing在句首作主语，谓语动词常用单数。 Collecting （collect） stamps is a popular hobby， especially among seniors. 2.it作形式主语，v-ing（短语）作真正的主语： It’s no use just complaining （complain） without taking action. 二、v-ing作宾语 1.介词后用v-ing作宾语。 [2021全国甲，64]After spending （spend） some time looking at all the defensive equipment at the wall， we decided it was time for some action... 2.通常接v-ing作宾语的动词（短语）：admit， avoid， consider， escape， finish， enjoy， risk， keep， imagine， mind， miss， practise， suggest， feel like， put off， look forward to， insist on等。 Young people may risk going （go） deaf if they are exposed to very loud music every day. Nancy doesn’t feel like studying （study） abroad. Her parents are old. 三、不定式作主语 1.不定式在句首作主语，谓语动词常用单数。 To get up early is necessary. 早起是必要的。 2.it作形式主语，不定式作真正的主语： [2020新高考Ⅱ， 56]These days， it is not unusual for 10- to 12-year-olds to publish their own websites or for second and third graders to begin （begin） computer classes. [全国Ⅲ，62]On our way to the house， it was raining so hard that we couldn’t help wondering how long it would take to get （get） there. 四、不定式作宾语 1.通常接不定式作宾语的动词：expect， hope， wish， desire， want， promise， pretend， arrange， refuse， decline， prepare， plan， intend， fail， attempt， offer， hesitate， manage， ask， demand， choose， agree， afford， volunteer， determine， decide， learn， aim等。 [2021全国乙，70]Activities there range from whale watching to hiking（远足） and accommodations aim to have （have） a low impact on the natural environment. 2.通常用it作形式宾语，真正的宾语用不定式的句式：find/feel/make/think/believe/consider it＋n./adj.＋to do sth. The boy makes it a rule to visit （visit） the museum twice a month. 五、"特殊疑问词＋不定式"结构 "特殊疑问词＋不定式"结构在句中可作主语、宾语和表语。 How to clean the mess in such a short time troubles them a lot.如何在这么短的时间内收拾这一片狼藉让他们苦恼不已。 I had a cold and couldn’t decide whether to go to work or not. 我感冒了，拿不定主意是否要去上班。 Choosing what to eat is no longer as easy as it once was. 选择吃什么，已经不像以前那么简单了。 六、既可跟v-ing，又可跟不定式作宾语的动词（短语） I remembered locking （lock） the door before I left the office， but forgot to close （close） the windows. 1.It’s no good helping （help） him. He doesn’t help himself. 2.—Oh dear， I forgot to register （register） for the courses.I’m one day late and most of them are full. What shall I do？ —You can’t do anything about that. 3.—Have you made up your mind to give up the chance to go to France？ —No. I’m still practising speaking （speak） French. 4.The bridge links three areas， making it much more convenient to travel （travel） from one to another. 5.Afraid of being ... ...
