-2024届高考英语二轮复习谓语动词知识点学案（时态、语态、主谓一致）（含解析）

谓语动词(时态、语态、主谓一致) 英语时态共十六个，常考或较常用的有十一个。语态共两个：主动和被动。见下表： 时态名称 主动语态 被动语态 一般现在时 do/does am/is/are done 一般过去时 did was/were done 一般将来时 will/shall do is/am/are going to do shall/will be done is/am/are going to be done 现在进行时 is/am/are doing am/is/are being done 过去进行时 was/were doing was/were being done 将来进行时 will be doing 现在完成时 has/have done have/has been done 过去完成时 had done had been done 将来完成时 will/shall have done will/would have been done 现在完成进行时 has/have been doing 过去将来时 would/should do should/would be done 含有情态动词的 can/must/may do can/must/may be done 注意：be-was/were-been-being（只有vt.及物动词有被动，其余动词都没有被动。） （一）一般现在时 1.表示经常，一般性，习惯性的动作，常与表频率的时间状语连用。（every day/year/month, always, usually, often, sometimes, annually，day after day, once a week, at weekends, on Sundays） I usually get up at 6’o clock. We always care for each other and help each other. 2.表示客观事实或普遍真理(不受主句时态的限制) The geography teacher told us the earth moves around the sun. Time is like water in a sponge. As long as you are willing to squeeze, there is always some. 时间就像海绵里的水，只要愿意挤，总还是有的。———鲁迅 3.既定的时间如日历、课时安排、交通时刻表等用一般现在时表将来； The plane takes off at 10:00 a.m.飞机上午10点起飞。 The train leaves at six tomorrow morning.火车明天早上六点开。 4.在时间、条件状语从句中常用一般现在时代替将来时，即主将从现。 If you go, I will go. I’ll go there after I finish my work. If you will accept my invitation and come to our party, my family will be pleased. 5.以here, there开头的句子里，go, come等少数动词的一般在时表示正在发生的动作。 There comes the bus.汽车来了。 Here she comes.她来了。 如果主语为第三人称单数,则一般在谓语动词原形后加-s或-es,其变化规则如下表所示: 1.一般情况 加-s 如：eat→eats 2.以s,sh,ch,x,o结尾的动词 加-es 如：discuss→discusses，teach→teaches 3.以辅音字母加y结尾的动词 变y为i, 再加-es 如：carry→carries，fly→flies （二）一般过去时 1.过去某一时间内发生或经常发生的动作或存在的状态，（常见的时间状语有：yesterday, just now, last +时间, in 1945, at that time, once曾经, in the Tang dynasty， a few days ago，once upon a time曾经, the other day在过去的某一天） I am still the boy I was.我还是那个男孩。 He lived in Beijing when he was young.他年轻时生活在北京。 We visited the factory last Friday.上周五我们参观了那家工厂。 动词变化方法如下: 一般情况 加-ed 如：pack→packed 以辅音字母加y结尾的动词 变y为i, 再加-ed 如：carry→carried，try→tried 重读闭音节结尾 双写该辅音字母,再加-ed 如：plan→planned，stop→stopped 以字母e结尾的动词 加-d 如：like→liked，provide→provided不规则动词 重点背不规则动词表，常考，可以说是必考。 （三）一般将来时 1.表示将来的动作和存在的状态（常用时间状语有：tomorrow, next year, in+将来的年，in the future, one day, someday，soon，the day after tomorrow） The company will launch a new version of iPhone in September.该公司将于 ... ...