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课件网) Discovering Useful Structures Welcome unit Members of a sentence: Think and review What is a sentence made up of 主语 谓语 宾语 表语 定语 补语 状语 Lead in What Are They 1. S (subject) 主语 2. V (verb) 谓语动词 3. O (object) 宾语 4. P (predicative) 表语 5. A (adverbial) 状语 6. DO (direct objective) 直接宾语 7. IO (indirect objective) 间接宾语 8. C (objective complement) 宾语补足语 9. There be … there be 结构 2 谓语 V “做什么” 或“怎么样” 3 宾语O 动作行为的对象 主语S “什么人”或“什么物” 1 表语P“是什么”或”怎么样” 4 5 定语 用来修饰名词或代词 6 状语A 修饰动词，形容词或副词 7 宾补C 用来补充说明宾语的情况 I met my best friend Tom at the station yesterday. ↓ 主语 ↓ 谓 语 ↓ 定语 ↓ 宾 语 ↓ 同位语 ↓ 状 语 简单句的基本句型 主谓 (SV) 主谓宾 (SVO) 主系表 (SP) 主谓双宾 (S V IO DO) 5. 主谓宾+宾补 (SVOC) 6. 主谓状 (SVA) 7. 主谓宾状 (SVOA) He arrived. Everything changes . All of us laughed! 主语S 谓语V 主语 S 谓语V 主语S 谓语V 1、 主语+谓语（不及物动词） （S+Vi）（主＋谓） 2、主语+谓语(及物动词)+宾语 (S+Vt+O) （主＋谓＋宾） They are reading books. I miss my grandma. 主语S 谓语V 宾语O 主语S 谓语V 宾语O 3、主语+连系动词+表语 (S+Ｐ)（主＋(系)表） He looks great. The teacehr was kind and friendly. 主语S (系动词) 表语P 主语S (系动词)表语P 4、主语+ 谓语+ 间接宾语+直接宾语 (S+Vt+IO+DO) （主＋谓＋间宾(人)＋直宾(物) ） John bought Alice a car. He told us a funny story. 主语S 谓语V 间接宾语IO 直接宾语DO 主语S 谓语V 间接宾语IO 直接宾语DO 但若要先说出直接宾语（物），后说间接宾语（人），则要借助于介词to或for,如 He brings cookies to me every day. She made a beautiful dress for me. 用to侧重指动作的方向，表示朝着，向着，对着某人。 用for 侧重指动作的受益者，表示为了某人，替某人。 常跟双宾语的动词有： （需借助to的）bring, give, lend, hand, offer, pass, pay, promise, return, send, show, teach, tell, write, ask,等。 （需借助for 的） buy, call, cook, choose, draw, find, get, make, order, sing, save, spare,等。 5、主语+谓语+宾语+宾补 (S+Vt+O+C) （主＋谓＋宾＋宾补） I asked Mary to help me. I found most of my classmates and teachers friendly and helpful. 主语S 谓语V 宾语O 宾补C 主语S 谓语V 宾语O 宾补C 6、主语+谓语+状语 (S+V+A) （主＋谓＋状） He runs every morning. Alice should study hard. He talked too much. 主语S 谓语V 状语 A 主语S 谓语V 状语A 主语S 谓语V 状语A 7、主语+谓语+宾语+状语 (S+V+O+A) （主＋谓＋宾+状） I bought a book yesterday. She likes dancing very much. I had my first maths class at senior high school. 主语S 谓语V 宾语O 状语A 主语S 谓语V 宾语V 状语A 主语S 谓语V 宾语O 状语A “某地存在有...” 用There be 结构。 它是倒装结构，因为主语位于 be后。 “某人有...” 用“ sb have/has”结构。 试比较: There is a boy there. (那儿有一个男孩) 前一个there无实际意思, 后一个there为副词 “在那里”。 8、There be… The 100-year-old school lies in the centre of the city. We must act. The maths homework looks easy. The teacher found the classroom empty. Exercise: Read the sentences and analyse the structure. S V A ... ...
