2025届高考英语二轮复习阅读理解主旨大意题解题技巧9学案（PDF版含答案）

完胜高考 阅读理解解题 技巧九 主旨大意题的解题技巧 题型特点 主旨大意题旨在考查综合思维和理解能力，需要在单位时间内快速阅读英语文章，了解 文章的主题思想，对文中信息进行分析、推理、判断，并把握上下文事实、细节之间的时空 顺序和逻辑关系，理解作者的意图、态度以及文章寓意。此类题设问手法灵活、提问深入， 而且语篇意识进一步加强；不仅要求理解文章的字面意思，还要求理解文章的内在含义。 设题方式 常见的设题方式有： (1)The subject of the passage/ paragraph is ... (2)The main idea of the passage/ paragraph is ... (3)The text is mainly about ... (4)The passage mainly centers on ... (5)The passage mainly tells about ... (6)What is the subject discussed in the text (7)What is the main idea of this passage (8)What is the passage mainly about 1 (9)What does the second paragraph mainly discuss (10)What is the main point the writer is trying to make in the last paragraph (11)Which of the following is the best title for the passage (12)Which title best gives the idea of the passage (13)What would be the best title for the text (14)What might be the most suitable title for the passage (15)The best headlines for this newspaper article would be ... (16)The main purpose of announcing the above events is to give information about ... (17)The writer s purpose in writing this story is ... (18)What is the author s main purpose (19)What does the writer really want to tell us in this passage (20)The writer wrote the story in order to ... (21)What is the advice given in the text/ passage/ article …… 上述设题形式大致可以概括为三类: 选择段落或文章的主题思想、写作目的和标题。 解题技巧 1. 弄清文章的大意，关键是找到主题句。 解答这类题目的关键是准确地找出文章的主题句。一般来说，一篇文章常常会围绕着 一个中心思想或一个主要话题展开，而这个话题又常常通过一个能比较全面地覆盖或概括文 2 章意思的句子，即所谓的“主题句”来体现。那么，主题句通常在哪里呢？ (1)主题句在文首 (2)主题句在文中 (3)主题句在文末 (4)主题句以首尾呼应的形式出现在文首和文末 (5)没有明显的主题句 2. 找主题句的方法。 用浏览法，即快速阅读文首、文尾，或每段的首句和尾句等，搜索主题线索和主题信息。 找主题句的四个小窍门: (1)段落中出现表转折的词语(如 however, but, in fact, actually 等)时，该句很可能是主题 句。 (2)首段出现疑问句时， 对该问题的回答很可能就是文章主旨。 (3)作者有意识地反复重复的观点，通常是主旨；反复出现的词语，一般为体现文章主 旨的关键词。 (4)表示总结或结论的话常有 therefore, thus, in short, conclude, conclusion 等。 3. 关于干扰项和正确答案。 (1)干扰项可能属文中某个具体事实或细节;可能属文中某些(不完全的)事实或细节片面 推出的错误结论;可能属非文章事实的主观臆断。 (2)正确答案: 是根据文章意思全面理解而归纳概括出来的;但不能太笼统、言过其实或 以偏概全。 3 考例 1 主题句在文首 A JINTAN, JIANGSU: The 20 students—18 boys and 2 girls—had a thousand reasons to be proud of themselves. They had just climbed their way to the top rung(阶梯) out of 4 million students taking part in the Fifth National Hua Luogeng Gold Cup Mathematics Contest(竞赛) on Tuesday evening. The 20 gold medal winners are all primary and middle school students u ... ...