(
课件网) Unit 1 Grammar and usage Subject-verb agreement 主谓一致 Lead-in I a teacher. You a pig. He/She a techer. The apple red. These apple red. am are is is are 主谓一致的定义： 主谓一致是句子主语和谓语在“人称”和“数”方面保持一致，一般遵循三个原则：语法一致原则、意义一致原则和就近一致原则。 （一）语法一致原则 （1）动名词、动词不定式、从句、不定代词作主语时，谓语动词常用单数。 ①Smoking is a bad habit. 吸烟是一个坏习惯。 ②To have known you is a privilege. 认识了你真是荣幸。 ③what you can see here is that you get this interesting pattern. 现在你们可以看到这个有趣的图形。 ④Everything is in a complete mass, which drives people crazy. 所有的事情都毫无头绪，让人发疯。 主语的单复数决定了谓语动词的单复数。 （2）主语后接介词短语或其他插入语，如后面跟有with, together with, as well as, like, but, except, along with, rather than, including, in addition to等，谓语动词的数要与前面的主语保持一致。 ①Coursework, as well as exam results, is taken into account. 除考试结果外，课程作业也要计入成绩。 ②I think Tom, rather than you is to blame for the accident. 我认为是汤姆而不是你该为这起事故负责任。 ③The teacher, along with his students, was present at the meeting yesterday. 这个老师和他的学生都参加了昨天会议 （3）and, both...and...连接两个不同的主语，谓语动词用复数形式。 Mike and Sue are always rowing. 迈克和休总是吵架 Both Beijing and Shanghai are big cities. 北京和上海都是大都会。 注意：①如果and连接两个单数可数名词或不可数名词，表示同一人、同一物或同一概念，或表示不可分的整体时，谓语动词用单数形式。 The writer and teacher is speaking at the meeting. 这位教师兼作家正在会上发言。 A knife and fork is easy for English people. 一副刀叉对于英国人来说是容易的。 ②如果and连接两个“every/each+名词”的结构时，谓语动词常用单数形式。如： Every boy and every girl in our class has made great progress. （4）定语从句中关系代词作主语时，从句中的谓语动词要与先行词保持一致。 This is one of the novels that have ever been written by Mo Yan. 这是莫言所写的小说之一。 She is the only one of the girls who sings well in class.她是班里女生中唯一一个歌唱得很好的。 I, who am your friend, will help you. 我是你的朋友，我将会帮助你 （5）“many a/more than one＋单数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数。each, every, no所修饰的名词作主语时，即使有and连接，谓语动词仍用单数。 Many a good man has been destroyed by drink. 许多好人都毁在了饮酒上。 Every boy and every girl wishes to attend the party held on Sunday. 每个男生和女生都希望参加周日的聚会。 （二）意义一致原则 意义一致原则指不管主语的形式是单数还是复数，主语的意义决定了谓语动词的单复数。 （1）集体名词作主语时，若被看作一个整体，谓语动词用单数形式；若被看作是构成整体的一个个成员，谓语动词用复数形式。常见的集体名词有family, class, team, group, public, committee, government, audience等。 Almost every family in the country owns a television. 这个国家几乎家家都有一台电视机。 My family are sports fans. 我们一家人是体育迷。 注意：形式为单数但意义为复数概念的police, people等集合名词作主 ... ...
