Unit 5 1. To know more about the -ing form. 2. To analyze the sentence structures and get the right answers. 3. To make a conclusion about how to use the -ing form properly. What is the function of the -ing form in each sentence below? Can you express the same ideas without using the -ing form? 1. As you can imagine, getting burnt can lead to very serious injuries. 2. The first and most important step in the treatment of burns is giving first aid. subject predicative As you can imagine, if you get burnt, it can lead to very serious injuries. The first and most important step in the treatment of burns is to give first aid. 3. It is best to place burns under cool running water, especially within the first ten minutes. 4. Remove any clothes using scissors if necessary, unless you see the fabric sticking to the burnt skin. attribute adverbial; object complement It is best to run some cool water and place burns under it, especially within the first ten minutes. Use scissors to remove any clothes if necessary, unless you find that the fabric is sticking to the burnt skin. 5. You can protect the burnt area by covering it with a loose clean cloth. object after a preposition To protect the burnt area, you can cover it with a loose clean cloth. 1. 动词-ing形式的构成：是在动词末尾加 -ing 形式构成，因此又叫动词的 -ing 形式。 eg do-doing, be-being, ask-asking, etc. 否定形式：not+ -ing 构成 2. 动词-ing形式不能单独作谓语，没有人称和数的变化，但可以有自己的宾语和状语，还有时态和语态的变化。 动词-ing形式 动词-ing形式在句中可充当主语、宾语、表语、定语、宾语补足语和状语等成分。 -ing form 动名词 现在分词 1. 语态上：动词 -ing形式表主动 eg Do you know the woman talking to Tom? 2. 时态上：动词 -ing形式表动作正在进行 eg developing country boiling water 动词 -ing 形式的特点： 3. 动词–ing 形式的构成 主动形式 被动形式 一般式 doing being done 完成式 having done having been done 否定式: not doing/not having been done 1) 动词-ing形式作主语 ① 直接置于句首 eg 学习新单词对我来说非常重要。 Learning new words is very important for me. 说比做容易。 Talking is easier than doing. 4. 动词-ing形式的功能 ② 用形式主语it，把真正的主语-ing形式移置句尾。但这种句子形式有一定的限制，作表语的只能是某些形容词或少数名词。 eg 和夏洛克争辩是没有什么用的。 It is useless trying to argue with Shylock. 这事值得去做。 It’s worth making the effort. 和你一起工作很愉快。 It is pleasant working with you. 归纳：常用-ing形式作主语的句型有： It +be +a waste of time doing… 做……是浪费时间的 It is/was no good/use doing… 做……是没益/用处的 It is/was worth/worthwhile doing … 做……是值得的 There is/was no point doing… 干……无意义 2) 动词-ing形式作宾语 常跟动词-ing形式作宾语的动词： admit, dislike, appreciate, avoid, enjoy, bear, escape, stand, deny, consider, mind, miss, finish, resist, imagine, risk, practice, suggest 有些动词既可以跟动词-ing形式，又可以跟不定式做宾语，但意义有所区别。这类动词有： remember, forget, regret, stop, try, mean。 need, want, require既可以用动词-ing形式也可用不定式作宾语，但 ... ...
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