【精品解析】备战2024高考英语·一轮【复杂多变的动词】：02 谓语动词的语态

备战2024高考英语·一轮【复杂多变的动词】：02 谓语动词的语态 一、单选题 1．（2023高二下·天津市月考） They ____have completed their program ; or they wouldn't be enjoying themselves by the seaside. A．should B．must C．wouldn't D．can't 【答案】B 【知识点】动词的语态；情态动词的基本用法；情态动词的辨析 【解析】【分析】句意：他们一定已经完成了他们的项目，不然他们不会在海边。should应该；must一定；wouldn't不会；can't不能。根据"or they wouldnt be enjoying themselves by the seaside"可知前半句是对过去情况的推测，用must have done，表示过去一定做过某事。故选B。 【点评】考查动词语态和情态动词的用法。清楚几个情态动词的基本用法，根据句意判断时态选出正确选项。 2．（2023高一下·广州月考） Recently, the majority of cities ____ severely polluted and a series of events ____. A．have been; has taken place B．are; have taken place C．is; have been taken place D．has been; has been taken place 【答案】A 【知识点】动词的语态；固定短语；现在完成时；主谓一致 【解析】【分析】句意：最近，大部分城市污染严重，并发生了一系列事件。句子的时间状语为Recently，时态宜用现在完成时；第一空的主语the majority of cities是"the majority of+复数名词"结构，是复数意义，且和pollute为被动关系，应用现在完成时的被动语态，复数形式；第二空的主语a series of events是"a series of+名词"结构，侧重"同一类的"事物，谓语动词用单数形式。故选A。 【点评】考查主谓一致和时态，本题涉及现在完成时及其被动语态以及the majority of和a series of的应用。 3．（2023高二下·天津市月考） —Did you watch the live broadcast of China's military parade on September，3rd？ —It's a pity that I missed it. I ____ to New York then A．would fly B．flew C．was flying D．have flown 【答案】C 【知识点】动词的语态 【解析】【分析】句意：———你有看9月3日中国军队演习的现场直播吗？———很遗憾我错过了。当时我正在飞往纽约。then在这里表示"当时"，第二个说话者想表达军事演习的时候自己正在飞机上，因此用过去进行时。故选C。 【点评】考查过去进行时，选择时应当充分理解句意，揣摩语境，判断正确时态。 4．—The window must have taken you quite a lot of time that day. — You are right. They _____ for weeks. A．haven't been cleaned B．hadn't been cleaned C．didn't cleaned D．haven't cleaned 【答案】B 【知识点】动词的语态；过去完成时 【解析】【分析】窗户是被擦干净，所以用被动式，只能在AB之间选，根据句意：--那天擦窗户一定花了你很多时间，--对，它们几个星期没擦了。因为那天擦过了，所以用过去完成时。选B。 5．（2022高一下·上海期中）_____as an Olympic event, a sport must be played in at least 75 countries on at least 4 continents. A．To accept B．Having accepted C．To be accepted D．Accepting 【答案】C 【知识点】动词的语态；动词不定式 【解析】【分析】句意：一项运动项目要想被认可为奥运项目，必须至少在四个大洲75个以上的国家开展过。动词accept的逻辑主语是a sport，它们之间为动宾关系，使用被动形式，分析语境，使用不定式to be accepted表示目的，故选C。 【点评】考查非谓语动词。 注意动词不定式的被动形式。 6．Every year a flood of farmers arrive in Shenzhen for the money-making jobs they_____ before leaving their hometowns. A．promise B．were promised C．have promised D． ... ...