(
课件网) Unit 1 Festival and Celebrations Discovering Useful Structures Grammar 动词-ing形式作定语和表语 Activity 1 Read the sentences below and discuss the functions and meanings of the italicised -ing form. Find more examples from the unit. ·These lanterns are amazing. · During the Mid-Autumn Festival in China，families gather to admire the shining moon and enjoy delicious mooncakes. · Families celebrating the Lunar New Year can enjoy exciting dragon dances and carnivals together. amazing -ing 形式作表语 shining -ing 形式作定语，前置 exciting -ing 形式作定语，前置 celebrating the Lunar New Year，-ing 形式作定语，后置 Part 1 –ing form as the predicative(表语) 1.动词-ing作表语，具有形容词的性质，说明主语的性质、特征等。 Your speech is very interesting and encouraging.你的演讲非常有趣和鼓舞人心的。 如:moving、exciting、inspiring、boring、surprising等，这类分词有“令人……的”的含义。 2.动词-ing作表语，用来说明主语的内容，与主语通常是同一概念，表语和主语常可互换位置。 One of the best exercises is swimming. =Swimming is one of the best exercises. 游泳是最好的运动之一。 动词-ing形式作表语 注意：过去分词-ed与现在分词-ing作表语的区别： 动词 -ing 形式作表语 过去分词-ed作表语一般形容人； 现在分词-ing作表语一般形容物。 We are _____(interest) in the film. The film is _____ (interest) to us. excited exciting The question is rather_____(puzzle). puzzling The student is quite_____(puzzle). puzzled Part 2 -ing as the atrributive（定语） 动词-ing形式做定语 1.单个的动词-ing形式可以做前置定语,一般具有两种含义。 (1)表示被修饰词的某种性能或用途,相当于for引导的介词短语。 a swimming pool=a pool for swimming 游泳池 a reading room=a room for reading 阅览室 a washing machine=a machine for washing 洗衣机 a walking stick=a stick for walking 拐杖 (2)表示所修饰的人或物的动作或状态,在意思上接近一个定语从句,可以表示正在进行的动作,也可表示经常性动作或当时的状态。 developing countries=countries that are developing 发展中国家 a puzzling problem=a problem that puzzles somebody 困扰人的问题 3.-ing形式短语也可以用作非限制性定语, 相当于一个非限制性定语从句, 这时, 它与句子其他部分用逗号分开。 His brother, working as a teacher, lives in Beijing. =His brother, who is working as a teacher, lives in Beijing. The apple tree, swaying gently in the breeze, had a good crop of fruit. =The apple tree, which was swaying gently in the breeze, had a good crop of fruit. 表示情感的分词作定语时的区别 表示情感的现在分词作定语，意思是 令人……的； 过去分词用于描述人物的感受，意思是 感到……的。 这类常见的分词有：amazing/amazed , exciting / excited, boring / bored, interesting /interested, pleasing/pleased, surprising/ surprised, satisfying/ satisfied, tiring/tired, amusing/amused… 注意：修饰人的表情，嗓音等常用过去分词。 eg: a pleased look/expression excited voice 二、现在分词作表语： 1. -ing形式放在系动词之后,表达主动意义或主语的性质和特征，“令人……的”。 1. His concern for his mother is most touching. 2. The news sounds encouraging. 3 ... ...
