2026年中考英语复习二轮专项：There be句型

2026年中考英语复习二轮专项：There be句型 一、There be句型的本质与结构 定义：表示“某地/某时有某物/某人”，强调存在关系，而非“拥有”（have/has表所属）。 基本结构： 肯定句：There + be动词 + 主语 + 地点/时间状语 例：There is a new library in our school.（某地有某物） 例：There will be a football match tomorrow.（某时有某事） 否定句：在be动词后加not（is not=isn’t；are not=aren’t） 例：There isn’t any milk in the fridge.（注意：否定句中some变any） 一般疑问句：将be动词提前，句末加问号 例：Is there a post office near here — Yes, there is./No, there isn’t. 二、主谓一致三原则 就近原则（核心考点）：be动词的单复数由最近的主语决定 例：There is a pen and two books on the desk.（a pen为单数→is） 例：There are two books and a pen on the desk.（two books为复数→are） 不可数名词/抽象名词：用单数is 例：There is some water in the bottle.（water不可数） 例：There is good news for you.（news为不可数名词） 复数名词/并列主语：用复数are 例：There are three students in the classroom. 时态变化与句式转换 一、四大时态应用（中考高频） 时态 结构 例句 一般现在时 There is/are... There are 30 days in April. 一般过去时 There was/were... There was a heavy rain last night. 一般将来时 There will be.../There is/are going to be... There will be a concert next Sunday. 现在完成时 There has/have been... There have been great changes in our city since 2020. 易错点：There be句型无进行时，不可说“There is being...” 二、特殊疑问句转换（5W1H） 对数量提问： 可数名词：How many + 复数名词 + are there... 例：There are 5 apples on the plate. → How many apples are there on the plate 不可数名词：How much + 不可数名词 + is there... 例：There is some coffee in the cup. → How much coffee is there in the cup 对地点提问：Where + be + there... 例：There is a park near the river. → Where is the park 对事物提问：What + be + there... 例：There is a cat under the chair. → What is under the chair 易错点与真题解析 一、易混结构对比 There be vs. have/has 误：There has a book on the desk.（表存在不可用has） 正：There is a book on the desk.（某地有某物） 正：I have a book.（表所属关系） There be + 动词-ing形式（表“有某人正在做某事”） 例：There are some children playing football on the playground. 二、中考真题精讲（2023-2025年典型题） 真题1（2024·安徽）：There _____ a football match on TV this evening. Let’s watch it. A. is going to be B. was C. will have D. are 解析：this evening表将来，排除B/D；There be句型不可与have连用，选A。 真题2（2025·浙江）：— Are there _____ students in the library — No, there aren’t _____, but there are _____ teachers. A. any; some; any B. some; any; some C. any; any; some D. some; some; any 解析：疑问句/否定句用any，肯定句用some，选C。 第四部分 分层训练与拔高 一、基础巩固（单句填空） There _____ (be) a map and two photos on the wall. There _____ (be) no hospitals in this town 50 years ago. How many books _____ (be) there on your shelf 二、能力提升（句型转换） There was a car accident yesterday.（改为否定句） → There _____ _____ a car accident yesterday. There are some ... ...